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Definition Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis Definition MS is characterized by the presence of areas of demyelination T-cell predominant perivascular inflammation in the brain white matter Some axons may be spared from these pathological processes Incidence and Prevalence An estimated 2, 500, 000 people in the world have multiple sclerosis MS is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system in young adults Diagnosis of MS is generally between 20 and 40 years of age, although onset may be earlier Causal Factors Viral and autoimmune etiologies are postulated Genetic and environmental factors are known to contribute to MS A specific cause for this disease is not identified Signs and Symptoms Early symptoms may include: ? numbness? paresthesia? mono- or para paresis? double vision? optic neuritis?
ataxia? bladder control problems Subsequent symptoms also include: ? more prominent upper motor neuron signs? increased spasticity? increasing para- or quardriparesis?
Vertigo, incoordination and other cerebellar problems? depression, emotional liability? abnormalities in gait? fatigue and pain Complications fatigue is a major problem for those with MS persons with MS generally have a low tolerance for heat MS can cause severe mobility problems Course MS is classified according to its clinical course into several categories: ?
benign? relapsing-remitting (the most common variant)? progressive-relapsing? primary progressive and secondary progressive Prognosis life span is not significantly affected by MS there is no drug that can cure MS, but treatments are now available which can modify the course of the disease Psychosocial Issues depression is often a symptom of MS because of the late onset, people with MS have to adapt to a new life many of these people have trouble adjusting to the use of wheelchairs, braces and crutches increased sexual dysfunction bowel and bladder control problems decreased mobility leaves many people with MS feeling left out and different
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Research essay sample on Bladder Control Problems People With Ms Symptoms
