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Example research essay topic: Media Response To National Crises - 785 words

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During the first half of the 20 th Century the nation and the media had to face some of the gravest crises in modern history. Media responses to these crises suggest the basic questions about the relationship between the media and modern society. In a final analysis the media during the national crisis of 1917 - 1945 should be judged as a constructive force for combating immense national threats to democracy. Most of the medias actions demonstrate constructive patriotism. World War I was a major crises for this nation and led to media coverage and foreign correspondence like never before.

When the United States entered the war the CPI was formed which coordinated the media and war effort. Their job was to inform and influence the press. The information was usually accurate but it is easy to see how the CPI could use the press to further the American war effort. The CPI had newspaper editors voluntarily censor their material according to the Cpi's guidelines of material that should be kept secret. Since the press supported the war, they cooperated with the CPI.

Even though newspapers had information the public would be interested in, they would censor that information because they believed in the overall goal of furthering the war effort, not giving information to the enemy, and mobilizing public support for the war. The same is true for the Great Depression. During the Great Depression President Hoover had asked the press to use caution and not to make matters worse. It is said that newspapers did not need the nudge (Sloan, Start, 324).

Instead of reporting on specific matters about the economy or political action, newspapers published happier stories as not to upset their readers. This was an effort that newspapers thought was for the common good. By not upsetting or alarming their readers, widespread panic would not happen. Media during the Great Depression is another example of how the media curtailed themselves and published stories which they believed would better serve the American cause. They would limit emotion and not upset people. The New Deal brought on more patriotic press reporting.

President Franklin Roosevelt realized the value of the press, so he set out to win their favor. He interacted much more with the media and radio trying to get his ideas across. Much like the efforts in World War I a lot of news information about the New Deal and FDR was received through a central information distribution center created by Roosevelt's press secretary. The press was a willing participant in this and its easy to see the problem this could create. Obviously the material will be favorably slanted towards FDR, and as such the press is furthering the patriotic cause of the government. In World War II we see a reoccurrence of some of the press manipulation we saw in Even before W.

W. II the press at the urge of the government censored its own material. Shortly after the bombing of Pearl Harbor the Office of Censorship was created by FDR. For the most part the press cooperated.

The Office of War Information was in charge of publicity and information about the war. The press went further than just reporting the war. They shaped public opinion and patriotism by their stories. By voluntarily cooperating with government measures during the war, the press was furthering the patriotic cause, and objectivity of news reporting was being lost.

All of the information learned about the media role in the national crises from 1917 - 1945 show that the media had a far greater goal than just reporting the facts. They saw themselves as a major force that could combat national threats to democracy. They were willing to suspend journalistic standards as we see them to further the American cause. This was clearly evident during W. W. I and W.

W. II. They printed and covered what they thought was better for the American good. They also printed emotional stories designed to get support for the American war effort.

During the Great Depression the media ignored some of the issues of this economic crises and concentrated instead on happier stories, so they would not alarm or upset readers. Their goal was to keep America from panicking and hopefully the economy would get back on track. If this nation found a way to break free from British regulations before the Revolution, we could have found a way to report objective information about the war. However, this was not the intention of the media. Through their actions during American crises we see that they had a far greater goal. Therefor the only conclusion is that the media were in fact constructive patriots during these crises.

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Research essay sample on Media Response To National Crises

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