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Chivalry is the most significant concept throughout history. Chivalry, in its formal code, came to exist in the Middle Ages around the 12 th century. It is not clear as to whether the Romans, the Franks, or the Germans gave rise to chivalry, but each culture brought the seeds of conduct with them. The formal code was based on knightly conduct, with special emphasis on the courtly manners towards women.
Chivalry was such an important aspect of morality that the church became heavily involved. The church used the code of chivalry to reshape the idea of the social warrior. In doing this, the church wanted citizens to identify with virtue, military excellence with courtesy, a sense of justice, piety, and honor. (Ventura, pg. 46) People familiar with King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table know that a chivalrous act usually involved someone, usually a damsel in distress and a brave knight who comes to the rescue. For the sake of arguing, we need to establish our definition of chivalry. Our reparative definitions are as follows: Chivalry- the qualifications of the ideal knight. Dead- extinguished no longer existing.
Our Stipulative definitions are the following: Chivalry-for our purposes, chivalry are the characteristics of a person who follows and believes in the principles of the Chivalric Code. Dead-no longer occurring Chivalric Code: I. Live to serve king and country. II. Live one's life so that it is worthy of respect and honor. III.
Live for freedom, justice and all that is good. IV. Choose death before dishonor. V. Never attack an unarmed foe. VI.
Avoid lying to your fellow man VII. Administer justice. VIII. Defend the week and innocent. IX. Destroy evil in all of its monstrous forms.
X. Show Respect to authority. XI. Exhibit manners. XII. Do not allow anger to blind you, a cool head will win the day.
XIII. Exhibit courage in word and deed. XIV. Never or noble cause. XV. Never betray a confidence or comrade.
XVI. Remain loyal to one's friends and those who lay their trust in thee. XVII. Fight with honor.
XVIII. Die with honor. (Berger, pg. 28) The code of honor that chilvarly made people live by left a cultural tradition to be carried out many Today, morality and ethics are rare commodities. One could generalize these principles down to everyday situations, but even then, one would find that the majority of people just don't live by this code. Today, the majority of people just do not hold these values true to their hearts. And it should be clarified that just because you hold a door open, or pick up books for a female you are not chivalrous. Chivalry is code that one must live their life by, not simply picking and choosing a few to follow.
For example, schools no longer teach morality; but religion is able to reach only a few and families are often broken. We see the results of this problem nightly on the television, news, and in daily papers. Nobody in the world will do the right thing every single time. We are going to pick for aspects of the chivalric code and demonstrate how they no longer exist. Argument # 1 Deductive Reasoning For our purposes cheating will be defined as obtaining an unfair advantage to benefit oneself. It has been shown through research that cheating is a common occurrence at all college campuses.
Of 68 people that were polled at Cal Poly 80 % (or 54 people) admitted that they have cheated at one time or another. Cheating is a direct violation of the Chivalric Code. P 1 Cheating is obtaining an unfair advantage to benefit oneself. P 2 Cheating is a common occurrence at all college campuses.
P 3 80 % of Cal Poly students admitted to cheating at one time or another. P 4 Cheating is a violation of the Chivalric Code. Therefore, C Chivalry is dead. A.
R. G. Conditions Acceptability: Premise 1 is cogent because it is a definition and not an arguable statement (common knowledge). Premise 2 is acceptable because it is not easy to refute and gives no evidence of not being acceptable. Premise 3 is a different case. It is acceptable under the proper testimony clause.
The premise is a fact from a poll taken at Cal Poly and there is no reason to doubt the fact that the results are true. Premise 4 is true by simple logic. Premise 5 is defended by the rest of the argument and is therefore acceptable. Relevance: Relevance is also evident in this argument. Premise 1 clearly defines the ambiguous term of cheating for premise 2. Premise three is a proof of premise 2.
It gives a specific example to the broad statement made in premise 2. Premise 4 is definitely relevant. Premise five is not relevant to premise 3 or 4 but is relevant to premise 1 and 2. Grounds: This argument meets the G condition because all the premises are true and relevant to themselves and support the conclusion. Counter Argument P 1 For this purpose we will define cheating as directly copying someone's work. P 2 Cheating is not a common occurrence in college classrooms.
P 3 Of the 68 people polled at Cal Poly only 19 of them admitted copying off a neighbor's work. P 4 19 of 68 is less than 51 % that is needed to prove a majority. P 5 Some people will always defy the Chivalric Code but a majority is needed to prove the code is nonexistent. Therefore, C Chivalry is not dead A.
R. G. Conditions Acceptability: Premise 1 is a stimulative definition and can not be argued. Premise 2 uses the stimulative definition of premise 1 and makes a general statement.
This premise is accepted provisionally based on the fact that the other premises aim to prove that statement true. Premise 3 is yet another fact that can not be argued and is therefore acceptable. Premise 4 states a simple, logical fact and can not be argued either. Premise 5 is easily refutable and is not acceptable. Relevancy: Premise one is directly related to premise 2.
Premise 2 is proved true by the facts presented in premise 3. Premise 4 is related to premise 3 through its usage of the information in 3. Premise 5 is not relative to any of the other premises and allows this argument to not meet the Relevancy condition. Grounds: This argument does not pass the G condition because it does not meet the R condition. Premise 5 needs to be supported by a sub-argument in order to be acceptable on the G condition.
Argument # 2 Conductive Reasoning In today's society people attempt to cover up their mistakes, hoping that nobody will notice, this is not an honorable act. Most people are not courageous or brave and rarely help when someone is in trouble. Now days, people are quick to sue and often greedy when it comes to money and financial matters. People are only generous when others are watching. The more money the better! Loyalty is rarely seen in any way shape or form.
From the smallest social circle to family situations across the nation, all lack loyalty. We live in a world of aggression and revenge. If we are wronged we want to get that person or persons back. All of these above principles, which happen to be in the Chivalric Code, are often not seen in present day society. P 1 In today's society people attempt to cover up their mistakes, hoping that no one will notice, this is not an honorable act. P 2 Most people are not courageous or brave; people no longer help when they see that a person is in trouble.
P 3 Now more than ever people are sue happy, intending to get everything that is theirs and more; they are generous only when they have to be. P 4 Loyalty is rarely seen people cheat one another everyday, parents abandon their children, and people talk about each other when they are not around. P 5 People who are able to "forgive and forget" are not common. Revenge, lawsuits and aggression have taken their place. P 6 Honor, courage, generosity, forgiveness, and loyalty are rarely seen. Therefore, C Chivalry is dead (Converging Premises into one conclusion) Counter Argument Honorable people treat others fairly and keep their word.
People are usually courageous and help those in trouble with out thinking of themselves. People would rather give than receive showing that most everyone is generous. People hardly ever ask for the return of something they have loaned. People rarely cheat on each other or leave friends, children or anyone else they love.
These are all part of the Code of Chivalry. P 1 Honorable people treat others fairly and keep their word. P 2 People are courageous and help those in trouble with out thinking of themselves. P 3 People would rather give than receive showing that most everyone is generous. P 4 People hardly ever ask for the return of something that they loaned. P 5 People rarely cheat on each other...
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