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Although the book Brave New World, by Aldous Huxley, was written more than 60 years ago, its subject has become more popular since most of the technologies described in the book have, at least, partially, become a reality. Huxley's community of Utopia is a futuristic society designed by genetic engineering, and controlled by neural conditioning with mind-altering drugs and a manipulative media system. Yet, despite the similarities, the reader also finds many contrasts between the two societies. and Perhaps the most salient contrast between Huxley s Utopia and our modern society, deals with the issue of procreation. The majority of babies born in our society today, are still the result of intercourse between a man and a woman. In many cases the birth of a child is a memorable and joyous event for the woman.
In Utopia, however, if a woman is caught bearing offspring, she will be punished by exile. Offspring not produced the society s way is a threat to the society s existence, in the eyes of the leaders. As today, pregnancy, in Utopia, could be prevented using a variety of methods. Where our society uses male and female birth control methods, Utopia has pregnancy substitute (a procedure in which Utopian woman are given all the psychological benefits of childbirth without undergoing it) and malthusian drill (similar to today s birth control pills). However, modern society and Huxley s Utopia both explore the advantages of artificial reproduction, although Utopia has taken it to the extreme: The Bokanovsky Process, is a method whereby a human egg s normal development is arrested, then buds, producing many identical eggs.
My good boy! Bokanovsky s Process is one of the major instruments of social stability! (Huxley, 7). Not only did this method create millions of robot like citizens for Utopia, but the leaders have supreme control over any threat of overpopulation. Utopian predestinates decide the future function of each embryo, essentially assigning class status.
In this way, the leaders of Utopia are also able to keep the social classes balanced in the way they felt benefited everyone. Although the reader sees some dissipation of social classes in modern society, in Utopia, the class distinctions were palpable. A five-tiered caste system is maintained which ranks Alphas and Betas on top followed by Gammas, Deltas, and the semi-moronic, ubiquitous Epsilons. The motto Community, Identity, Stability frames the Utopian social structure. In Huxley s community each tier has its purpose in the society, from the Alphas who serve as intellectuals to the plebeian Epsilons who function as the pure humble laborers. Identity is established in the Conditioning Centre through the separation of the embryos into one of five classes and stability is insured through the limitations placed on the intelligence of each group.
Whereas in today s society a person s outer appearance and garb may not reveal his wealth and status, in Utopian society, a person s uniform is the badge of his class. eight-month-old babies, all exactly alike (a Bokanovsky group, it was evident) and all (since their caste was Delta) dressed in khaki. (20). This very visible reiteration of one s status serves to further condition the tiers to non-interaction, something that modern society conceives of as a throwback to unenlightened times. Beneath them lay the buildings of the Golf Club-the huge Lower Caste barracks and, on the other side of a dividing wall, the smaller houses reserved for Alpha and Beta members. (73) Indeed our public education system is a tribute to a more enlightened view of society. Free education is the means by which people of varying backgrounds and status intermingle.
It is also the vehicle for ensuring open access to the tools necessary to ensure one s success in whatever your chosen profession. The children of Utopia do not enjoy such ideals of education. They are conditioned, not in schools, but rather in State Conditioning Centres. Here, shock therapy and hypnopaedia provide the educational process for a whole generation. In Chapter 2, for example, babies receive shock therapy everytime they try to touch a book and / or flowers. They ll grow up with what psychologists used to call instinctive hatred of books and flowers.
Reflexes unalterably conditioned. They will be safe from books and botany all their lives. (22). The use of hypnopaedia, teaching during sleep, strengthens the conditioning process, and underscores the insidious nature of the state s educational system. Huxley relays the effectiveness of the method by having his characters repeatedly quote hypnopaedic phrases, After all, every one works for everyone else. We can t do without any one. Even Epsilons (91).
Similar to subliminal messages used by psychologists, advertisements, and television in today s world, hypnopaedia was designed as a method of mass indoctrination including playing a tape to a group over and over, instead of individualized learning. Utopia s children are only taught the quantity and quality of information needed to fulfill their designated role in their society. After the end of the Second World War, Huxley added a foreword to Brave New World, including drastic changes that had occurred in the world, since the book s publication. Today it seems quite possible that the horror may be upon us within a single century. (268). Is it possible that our society is heading towards this direction? Will it become Huxley s Utopia?
Will our world eventually have to rely on controlled reproduction and strict artificial insemination processes to prevent overpopulation? Will occupations be pre decided based on our pre prescribed and artificially induced capabilities? Will the concept of family become a shameful reminder of another unenlightened time in human history? Although the word Utopia has become synonymous with what an exemplary state should be, Huxley s Utopia is not a world we should strive to duplicate, but rather, learn from to correct our mistakes in the future. 34 b
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Research essay sample on Brave New World Shock Therapy
