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Example research essay topic: Brave New World Advancement Of Science - 1,557 words

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Brave New World, a novel by Aldous Huxley was written at a tine in history when war had ravaged much of the nation, Depression was blanketing society, and peoples wills were being put to the test. Science had become an overwhelming force for better or for worse. People had witnessed science saving and preventing millions of lives with vaccinations and such, but on the contrary, had also witnessed it kill with horrifying factory-like efficiency in WW I (the age of machine guns and chemical warfare). Brave New World is not intended to be a happy book, it is more Huxley's way of describing what he believes is coming to us. He is basically saying, This is our future. Huxley's writings are known for dealing with conflicts between the interest of the individual and the interests of society.

Brave New World addresses this conflict in a fictional future (approximately 500 years into the future) in which free will and individuality have been sacrificed to achieve complete social stability. Throughout the book, many difficult questions about the nature of moral choices are raised. The plot is concentrated on the various abuses of power made possible by science. I believe that Huxley was not lashing out against science, but more offering a warning, the new world is not evil because of science, but because power hungry individuals have misused it maliciously. The theme of Brave New World is not the advancement of science as such; it is the advancement of science as it affects human individuals (Brave New World, page XI). The devastating affects through the misuse of science, philosophy and control are portrayed through this book.

Criticizing the way in which scientific discoveries can be used to justify pre-existing prejudices and other social evils is what Huxley focused on by revealing the horrors of Utopian ideals. Often, abuses of science involve justification through so-called rational philosophy. The philosophy of the World State in a Brave New World mixes Communism, Capitalism, and Social Darwinism, in other words, a severe state of totalitarian rule. The World State uses science to justify and establish a eugenically designed structured society. The population was mass produced (hence the worship of Henry Ford) and manipulated at the will of whomever in control.

The structured Caste system assures that all produced will be predestined for their social status. Children are taught Class Conscienounes through sleep teaching (hypnopaedia), reflecting a certain, but perverted, characteristic of Marxist tradition. Moral training through hyponpadia is considered by the World State to be a highly effective means of moral training since moral education is not rational. The associating of intelligence and positions of power are reflective of the Social Darwinist belief of those who occupy positions of power are naturally more superior, intellectually and genetically.

Brave New World also dramatizes the conflict between scientific Theory and religion. Science is portrayed as religion as the manifestations of self-evident truths. Henry Ford is used as the religious outlet for the World State. He represents a religion that allows the World State rulers to rob the people of their individuality in the name of progress and stability. This worship serves as a metaphor for the dangers of using science to produce and justify sweeping ideology governing social relations. I do not believe that Huxley is criticizing religion directly, but instead targeting those who use it to justify unequal social relations.

This is a society governed by prejudices of the past more powerful with the support of science. The World State is made up of five castes, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon (Alphas are the most powerful, and Epsilons are the lowest on the social ladder). The Bokanovsky process, mass producing thousands of clones, makes it possible to facilitate social stability because the clones are predestined to perform identical tasks within the same factory. With greater ease, the World States slogan, Community, Identity, and Stability is enacted. These mass produced fetuses are then conditioned extensively after they are born. The conditioning aims to make the people like their inescapable social destiny.

Social stability is the highest goal of the World State and through the conditioning and predestination, individuals accept their given role in society without question. Science is a powerful tool that allows for and makes possible the unequal distribution of power and status. The system conditions the people to love their servility making them virtually incapable of performing any other function then what they were assigned. Conditioning drives the citizens to perform according to the best interest of the capitalist economic society further reducing the possibility of free will since they are conditioned to act in voluntarily. The World State uses science to stabilize the society by removing any possibility of free will. The Bokanovsky process destroys free will by limiting individuality among the casts (especially in the lower casts) all tin the name of stability.

The lower classes are turned in to automatons, basically living, breathing machines. Lower castes are not allowed to waste the communities time reading books, creating the possibility of de conditioning them. The citizens serve the interests of production, and therefore, the interests of the World State society and philosophy rather then their individual needs and interests. Citizens are taught to view one another as commodities to be consumed like any other manufactured good. The World State also reflects ideas of racism and sexism reserving the positions of lesser power and status women and non-white men. The rivalry between conditioned response and free will in moral law appears in various forms throughout the book.

Unlike the philosophy of the World State, Huxley tries to make people think about the nature of moral choices. The World State solves the problem of social instability (ultimate goal) resulting from the basic conflict between the freely acting individuals interests and the interests of society by completely removing free will. The result is unprecedented social stability at the expense of free will, all as a result of the astute application of science holding of the idea that without stability civilization cannot exist. The World State acts as a form enslavement using pleasure, security and happiness as lures to a life-long, unthinking child-like dependence. The citizens are Metaphorical slaves form the time of conception and remain children throughout their lives.

Socialized to have no free will or individual independence, they have no conflicts between his or her interest and the States interest. The citizens sacrifice love, family, emotion, and religion all for the sake of happiness thus becoming unthinking automatons functioning in a well-oiled, machine-like society. The conditioning that they go through early on in life strips them of their free will flooding them with physical pleasure, never allowing them privacy. They become submissive, docile, and obedient to a society that bred them for their services. Even as an adult, a citizen is constantly under surveillance to ensure the discipline of their bodies and minds to the World States moral value system. They are fed drugs to constantly keep them submissive and needy of the World state.

These drugs are used to blanket any chance of emotion. The citizens become dependent on these drugs that they use to comfort them anytime the emotions begin to surface. They are completely incapable of crating a life of their own. Theyre few people in the World State truly independent. The majority of citizens remain like dependent children throughout their lives conditioned only to see them selves as property. Everybody's happy now (Brave New World, page 75) is a quote from Lenina Crowne, a character in the book.

She is trying to excuse the World State for things that it is being challenged against. Lenina, or any of the other citizens, have never actually known happiness though. What they knew was artificial, not real in comparison to the true joys of life, love, marriage, childbirth, emotions, and so on. All these things were outlawed, so what they knew was nothing in comparison to true happiness. I believe that many people even to day strive for the happiness that the World State had in their own lives. People often yearn for stability, a more stress-free, stable life.

It is not until the things we often despise in life are absent that we realize how much they actually meant to us and how grateful we really are for them. In a Brave New World, no one is truly happy, what they know is only an illusion conditioned into their minds. Sickness is more then a physical condition, and this is what we saw in a Brave New World. We saw a society sickened by the abuse of power.

Because of the ignorance that was manifested into the creation of each person, they could not individually recognize the evils in society. Universal happiness may keep the wheels of society turning, but truth, beauty, passion, and free will and mind are a high price to pay. Happiness is never as grand as the emotions evolved in a good fight, struggle or overthrow of things you feel strongly about (temptation, misfortune, passion or doubt). Although the citizens had all the comforts happiness and pleasures that science can provide, they remained prisoners in a gilded-like cage. Their bodies become machines property without free minds and free spirits.

In a Brave New World, the World State had killed a societies spirit to tame the flesh.


Free research essays on topics related to: brave new world, henry ford, advancement of science, social stability, moral choices

Research essay sample on Brave New World Advancement Of Science

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