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Identification of Quotes 1. The devaluation of the human world grows in direct proportion to the increase in value of the world of things. In this case Karl Marx meant that with the increase of the tangible things that bring utility and happiness to individuals, the person is more likely to spend more time working to attain these things rather than to socialize or communicate with other people, thus paying less time to the human world. Marx believed that just like television that was meant to distract people from human world and social goals, so did the wealth. 2. But estrangement manifests itself not only in the result, but also in the act of production, within the activity of production. From the Communist Manifesto-Karl Marx.
In this statement Karl Marx meant that any society on the way to capitalism and mass production is also going towards alienation with regard to workers and employers. When people have to work a lot (thing that capitalism supported) they are less likely to spend time on anything else thus being fully emerged in the job. Their intellectual ability and horizons will be confined to the job of production and even if they get a chance to talk to a capitalist-there would not be any topic that could bring the two classes together-thus creating estrangement or alienation. 3. From this relationship one can therefore judge mans whole level of development. This statement signifies the fact, previously developed by Karl Marx, that we are the product of our society (including classes). In other words, when people live in capitalist countries and experience the increase in value of things rather than human world, as well as work a lot for the capitalist, one can therefore judge the persons whole level of development that is reserved to proletariat.
If a person owns the means of production, one can judge that he / she is bourgeoisie. 4. The ruling ideas in any age are the ideas of the ruling class. The government of any country strives to make the given country (and itself) wealthier. Being the decision maker of the country as well as being lobbied by the interest groups or sponsors or the election campaigns, this ruling class is more likely to approve the ideas that are meant to benefit this given class in the short run-because there is not guarantee that the ruling class will have the power forever and thus should try to benefit from such position immediately. 5. He becomes an appendage of the machine, and it is only the most simple, most monotonous, and most easily acquired knack, that is required of him.
This is what Karl Marx spoke about the future of humanity under communism. He believed that people would not have to actually work, because all the work would be done by the machines. The Person should only keep the machines going and working properly, thus being the servant or the appendage of the machine making simple tasks limited to keeping the machine going. 6. The working men have no country.
From Principles of Morals and Legislation-Bentham: The workers do not own the means of production and therefore cannot do business that requires in addition to labor, that the working men own, capital and land (if we agree that entrepreneurship and information are not needed as well). The only thing a person can do is to give his / her labor to the capitalist and expect some reward. Unlike land, realty and capital, labor is not tangible. The worker does not own anything in any given country except for labor. Thus technically if a person has a country only when he owns something tangible (lang, capital, machinery, etc), the working men do not have any-they do not own anything. 7. Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure.
This statement that in the future was used as the basis of classical and operant conditioning in psychology basically means that in this world a person can experience and therefore work with only two feelings pleasure and pain. A person by all means will try to remove pain and keep pleasure-thus being the slave to these feelings. If pain and pleasure of a given person can be controlled-that given person can also be controlled. 8. Pleasures, then and the avoidance of pains, are the ends which the legislator has in view: it behooves him therefore to understand their value. From On Liberty-John Stuart Mill. This statement is critical in proper governance of the society.
The government has to manage the pleasure (money, awards, medals, etc. ) and pain (prisons, death penalty, fines) in the society in order to keep the society obedient and working properly. 9... Truth thus held is but one superstition more, accidentally clinging to the words which enunciate a truth. There is no actual truth and double standards can be present if they are justified by utilitarianism or human rights principles. The whole system is based on trust and promise, meaning that without truth and trust, no contracts would be kept or business would be made. The system works only because people believe in the truth (true existence of it) and therefore is nothing but words. 10. Liberty, as a principle, has no application to any state of things anterior to the time when mankind have become capable of being improved by free and equal discussion.
Liberty is a very abstract matter and oftentimes one persons liberty can be another persons problem. In order for the liberty to work properly and not interfere with other peoples liberties, consensus must be developed between the players in the society (i. e. people).
Without the free and equal discussion, there can be no established borders of where liberty starts and where it ends. Unless, for example, people agree not to cross each ones property (like a farm), they are going to interfere with each others freedoms, thus abandoning liberty. Conflicts would be present and unless a discussion takes place there would be not liberty but rather dog-eat-dog world.
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Research essay sample on Pain And Pleasure Means Of Production
