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Political science The contribution of the USA in the development of institutions of power is significant. They had written Constitution, one of the first in the world; independent judicial power; separation of federal power and power of States. Great influence on United States history had the origins and development of the Constitution. Science the time it had been adopted, the Constitution set the basis for the government we have today. According to the early Constitution, powers are divided between the federal (or national) government and the 50 states. The Founding Fathers had to leave enough powers with the states when they were writing the Constitution.
It was one of demands, made by state men. So, if they didn't, they knew the state legislatures would never ratify the Constitution. All states were granted the right to control certain things within their borders. They could do so as long as they did not interfere with the rights of other states or the nation. By creating three branches of government, this system was built. So that no one branch of our government could become too powerful.
A "check and balance" system was built into the Constitution. Checks and Balances gave 10 powers to the 3 branches. The branches are: executive, legislative and judicial branches. As it is pointed, each branch is limited by the other two in several ways.
In the section dealing with separation of powers. Is made clear that the Executive and Legislative branches limit one another's power through a system of check and balances. Those appointments were approved by Congress. The delegates at the Constitutional Convention divided power within the federal government. They did not want these powers to be controlled by just one man or one group. The delegates were afraid that if a small group received too much power, the United States would be under the rule of another dictator or tyrant.
Checks and balances" were created to continuously nurture our youth and protect social decency and respect for each other. A comprehensive look at the fundamentals of American Government conveys analysis that discusses the political process. We have an opportunity to have a look through the way democracy responds to challenges from diverse constituencies or dramatic public events, how world governments approach various political processes. What is the difference between political and state powers? A state power is a form of public power which acts with the help of a special device of enforcement.
It has a monopoly right to issue laws and other dictations which are obligatory for every citizen. The notion political power is wider. Political power is executed not only in measures of a country, but with a help of other political institutions such as a system of parties, civil relationships, international connections. So, not every political power is state, but a state power is the fullest expression of a political power, the most developed its kind. A state power can fulfill different functions: to issue laws, to use different ways of ruling, etc. A principle of separation of the power found practical use in all democratic states of the world.
But firstly, it was made up and presented in the Constitution of the USA in 1787. Theoretical thoughts can be found in the works of Platoon and Aristotle. But the first project about separation of power was written by John Lock. He distinguishes power for 4 branches: legislative, executive, and judicial and ally. Later Montesquieu composed the Theory of separation of power in its contemporary view. The theory includes executive, legislative and judicial branches.
Executive branch is headed by the President. The president carries out federal laws and recommends new ones, directs national defense and foreign policy, and performs ceremonial duties. Powers include directing government, commanding the armed forces, dealing with international powers, acting as chief law enforcement officer, and vetoing laws. Legislative branch is headed by Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate. The main task of these two bodies is to make the laws. Its powers include passing laws, originating spending bills (house), impeaching officials (Senate), and approving treaties (Senate).
Judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court. Its powers include interpreting the constitution, reviewing laws, and deciding cases involving states' rights. A separation of power was challenged with necessity to clarify its functions and responsibilities of each branch of it; necessity to warn corruption of power, and totalitarian regimes; necessity in effective operation of state power, in operation of social processes. So, for political stability the main point is in the conception of lawfully power. Because in countries where lawfulness is under doubt, there is a real thread to the worlds stability. Lawfulness of power is a step of determination by the population of the country the system to which it belongs to.
There are some methods to keep it in form: a change of lawmaker and a state power: popularity of the leader, a good fulfillment of state policy, and a support of laws and order in the country. The American system is "a compound Republic" -- a federation, or combination, of central and State Republics -- under which: The different governments will control each other while within each State there are two safeguarding features: (a) a division of powers, as well as (b) a system of checks and balances between separate departments: " The rights guaranteeing by Constitution, are most securely protected by a federated system of government -- consisting of a central government and State governments. Under this system, the whole quantity of governmental power is not only limited by written Constitution, Federal and State, but also decentralized. So, the vast majority of powers are kept on the State and local levels. The correct definition of a Republic is: a constitutionally limited government of the representative type, created by a written Constitution -- adopted by the people and changeable by them only by amendment -- with its powers divided between three separate branches: Executive, Legislative and Judicial. Federalism as a Constitutional was a compromise, especially in terms of conflicts between people.
Someone believed that power should be primarily in the national government. And those who want government authority spread within the states. The traditional American philosophy teaches that decentralization of governmental power is essential to the security of Man's God-given, unalienable rights. The anti-Federalists attacked wildly on several fronts: the lack of a bill of rights, discrimination against southern states in navigation legislation, direct taxation, the loss of state sovereignty. Many considered that the Constitution represented the work of aristocratic politicians on protecting their own class interests. It always was the tension between maintaining order and preserving freedoms, the essential role of politics in addressing the will of the people, and the need for citizens to participate in order to make democracy work.
Evaluate the Constitution's flexibility and demonstrate how the amendments keep the document up to date. A viable democracy depends on associational life. It has become a cornerstone of contemporary democratic theory. Democratic theorists generally agree that issue networks, recreational associations, support circles, religious groups, unions, advocacy groups, other kinds of associations play a good role in democracy by developing citizenship, promoting public deliberation, providing voice and representation, and other varied forms of governance. Yet there has been little work to show how and why different kinds of association have different effects on democracy -- many supportive but others minimal or even The strength and prestige of democracy worldwide at the end of the twentieth century are due in good measure to the impact of America on international affairs. Here for the first time is a book that documents the extraordinary history of American foreign policy with respect to the promotion of democracy Bibliography: Democracy Under Pressure (an introduction to the American political system) the 10 th edition by Milton C.
Cummings, jr David Wise. ISBN # 0 - 534 - 63090 - 1 Questions based on chapter 1 (Government and People) and chapter 2 (The Constitutional Framework) web web web web
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Research essay sample on Checks And Balances Separation Of Power
