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Feudal Japan: Tenno, Shogun and Daimyo The origins of Japan are buried in the fantastic and mysterious legends. Tenno Ten " no (? ? ) is the Emperor of Japan. Tenno is a title head of State as well as the head of the Japanese Imperial Family. The term Tenno is used to describe the Japanese Emperor, and can be literary translated as god-king or the heavenly Emperor. According to the Japanese history, Jimmy Tenno, the head of confederation of warlike clans, was the first person who received the name Tenno in 660 B. C.
For example, if in the Chinese history the emperor was considered the Divine Emperor who acts as an afflatus and speaks in the name of the God, in Japan the title of Tenno was more practical. Setoku This denied the idea of personal leadership and individual power and claimed that political affairs shouldnt be decided solely by the Emperor. In such a way, the divine Emperor was called Tenno mainly when regarded as a religious leader and was rather considered a symbol of power and state than an actual governor. The Tenno had merely symbolic powers and his main function was to legitimize those in power and was important for the Shogun. The Shogun According to the Japanese history, a shogun (? ? ) is the practical governor of the country. The full title of Shogun is abbreviation of See Taishogun (? ? ? ? ? ) and means the general (generalissimo) who is victorious over the barbarian.
The barbarians were, for example, the native people (Ainu people) who were the first nations of Honshu and Hokkaido. However, the title Shogun is usually referred to the rank of general. The Japanese legend tells that Emperor Keiko was the first man who received the title of Shogun. The Shogunate The political system during the Edo period in Japan was known as the bakunin taipei (? ? ? ? ). The baku or baku (? ? in Japanese language) is an abbreviation of baku that means a military government.
It was a feudal system called the Shogunate. There were three Shogunate's in the Japanese history: Kamakura, Ashikaga and Tokugawa. The Daimyo The Daimyo (? ? : daimyo) is the Japanese feudal local lord who was served by samurai. Samurai (knight-retainers) were loyal to the Daimyo. They protected the Daimyo and their lands and received power, position and land in return. Actually, the literal translation of Daimyo means great name.
According to some historians, Daimyo's are often referred to the warlords or the leaders of Japanese clans. Daimyo did homage to the Shogun and controlled a definite area of the lands. The Daimyo were responsible and subordinate to more powerful Daimyo (the Shogun) and the Japanese Emperor (Mikado or Tenno). Daimyo controlled their lands (domains) with a high degree of self-government. The Shogun was able to control the daimyo with help of system called skin kodak (the system of alternative attendance).
According to skin kodak rules (1635), every daimyo was forced to make an annual trip between the shoguns court and daimyo's own domain and to spend every other year in Edo. The Shogun obliged the Daimyo to keep the lavish residences in Edo and to maintain it. The Daimyo were also forced to finance the temples and roads. They didnt have right to repair their castles without asking permission of the Shogun. These measures contributed to increase of fiscal and political control over the Daimyo. In such a way, the Daimyo were forced to have two residences and, besides, the journey was so expensive that he didnt have time and money to plot rebellions against the Shogun.
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Research essay sample on Feudal Japan Tenno Shogun And Daimyo
