Customer center

We are a boutique essay service, not a mass production custom writing factory. Let us create a perfect paper for you today!

Example research essay topic: Means Of Production Communist Manifesto - 1,693 words

NOTE: Free essay sample provided on this page should be used for references or sample purposes only. The sample essay is available to anyone, so any direct quoting without mentioning the source will be considered plagiarism by schools, colleges and universities that use plagiarism detection software. To get a completely brand-new, plagiarism-free essay, please use our essay writing service.
One click instant price quote

Effects on - Bourgeoisie and Proletariat's It is known that the foundation of any capitalist society is the means of production and of exchange. They are used for accumulation of capital. But the accumulation of capital is not limited only by the bounds of the same state. Capitalist societies are trying to extend market for their products all over the world. In medieval times the bourgeois was typically a small employer, banker, merchant, or a self employed proprietor.

In industrial capitalism the bourgeoisie becomes the ruling class. It means the bourgeoisie also owns the main means of production (offices, factories, land, capital, resources). Capitalists in a capitalist society are seeking to settle everywhere, to establish connections everywhere. The improve the means of production create new industries that use not only local raw material but raw material from different countries of the world.

Thus the process of globalization is occurring through the exploitation of the world market. So universal interdependence of nations is taking place instead of old local national self sufficiency. European Union (EU), World Trade Organization (WTO) and a military organization such as NATO have been organized. While analyzing the current state of capitalist societies we can use the quotation from the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels that National one-sidedness and narrow-mindedness become more and more impossible. Thats why bourgeoisie compels all nations, on pain of extinction, to adopt the bourgeois mode of production; it compels them to introduce what it calls civilization into their midst, i. e. , to become bourgeois themselves.

In one word, it creates a world after its own image. Modern capitalist societies have created powerful means of production and of exchange. But in spite of this they are exposed to commercial crises. The commercial crises periodically return and threaten to the existence of any capitalist society. As the Communist Manifesto says: The productive forces at the disposal of society no longer tend to further the development of the conditions of bourgeois property; on the contrary, they have become too powerful for these conditions, by which they are fettered, and so soon as they overcome these fetters, they bring disorder into the whole of bourgeois society, endanger the existence of bourgeois property. The conditions of bourgeois society are too narrow to comprise the wealth created by them.

For sure commercial crises have negative effect on capitalist societies. They find themselves into a state of disorder. It is because there is too much civilization, too much means of subsistence, too much industry, too much commerce as the Manifesto states. According to the Manifesto Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.

First the concept proletarian ization was appeared in Marx works. It was definite as a social process of moving people from being an employer or employed as wage labor by an employer. The process was the other side of capital accumulation. As well as capital grew the number of the working class increased. Capitalist markets expanded and involved privatization; thats why more wealth became concentrated in fewer hands. Labours who had no sources of income had to sell their labour-power for a wage or salary.

Such materially-based relationships provoked different conflicts and revolutions. In Manifesto the proletariat and bourgeoisie (capitalist class) are introduced as conflicting parts, because it is evident that workers have been always wishes wages to be as high as possible and the owners in their turn wish for wages (costs) to be as low as possible. It happened in the USA as well. The American society was divided into two classes. The more capital developed the more proletarians developed. The Manifesto states: Owing to the extensive use of machinery, and to the division of labor, the work of the proletarians has lost all individual character, and, consequently, all charm for the workman.

While the unattractiveness of the work increased the wage decreased and the quantity of labor increased. It happened for prolongation of the working hours. Differences of age and sex lost their social significance the labor of women and children was widely used across America. In their work Marx and Engels pointed that capitalism is based on the exploitation of the proletariat (workers) by the bourgeoisie. The working class or proletariat has no means of production. Thats why they have to be hired by a capitalist and work for him.

The final product of the work becomes the property of the capitalist. The owner pay some part as the workers' wages, the other one rent or buy supplies; and the rest is the capitalist's private takings (profit). It means that the owner can earn money (profit) from the work of his employees without actually doing any work. When a person get money without doing work and the other does not get the all he or she have earned, it is called that the last person is exploited by the first. Modern industry has converted workers into slaves.

The workers understood that they are used as slaves for making profits. In modern American society small shopkeepers, small trades people, handicrafts men and farmers think gradually into the proletarians. It occurs that sometimes some of them have no capital enough for the scale on which modern industry is carried out. They can not stand the competition with large capitalists. So proletarians consist of different classes of the population. The proletarian in America went through different stages of development.

Disapproval and hatred began to increase through proletarians. They started to struggle with the bourgeoisie. First there were some laborers fought against them. Then the number of laborers began increasing.

They directed their attacks not only again the bourgeois conditions of production but against the instruments of production. The laborers smashed machines into pieces, burnt factories. At that stage the laborers formed an incoherent mass scatted over the whole country. The use of machinery reduced the wages to the low level. Commercial crises affected the living conditions of proletarians. Under commercial crises a lot of them lost their jobs and became unemployment.

The laborer sank deeper and deeper below the conditions of existence of his own class. As for the Manifesto it says that proletariat became a pauper and pauperism develops more rapidly than population and wealth. The proletarian had no property and his relation to his wife and children had nothing in common with the bourgeois family relations. Modern industry labor, modern subjection to capital, the same in America as in France, as in Germany and as in England has stripped proletarian of every trace of national character. So they began to concentrate in greater masses and form Trade Unions. Nowadays Trade Unions help laborers to raise wages and to improve their living conditions.

This struggle is against globalization of capitalism. As we know from the history of the development of a society all property relations changed under the influence of historical changes. In their Manifesto Karl Marx and Frederic Engels say, all property relations in the past have continually been subject to historical change consequent upon the change in historical conditions The French Revolution, for example, abolished feudal property in favor of bourgeois property. The growing competition among the capitalists and commercial crises which are taking in capitalist countries lead to collision between two classes. The workers begin to unite in order to keep up the rate of wages.

Sometimes they are victorious. For example, the Tenhours bill in England has been carried; or some riots of Trade Unions in France, England, America and other capitalists countries that had been successful. As for the bourgeoisie it finds itself involved in a constant battle. At first with the aristocracy; later on, with those portions of the bourgeoisie itself, whose interests have become antagonistic to the progress of industry; at all time with the bourgeoisie of foreign countries.

In all these battles, it sees itself compelled to appeal to the proletariat, to ask for help, and thus, to drag it into the political arena. And further, the authors of the Manifesto underline that bourgeoisie gives the proletariat weapons for fighting against it. Today more and more capitalist countries around the world are being connected in more and more ways. Contemporary researches called this process globalization. It was also produced by political choice to open cross-border links in the international trade and finance. So, globalization has such aspects as economic, political, cultural and technological.

Contemporary researches state that the first era of globalization began in the 19 th century. It goes without saying that modernization on a global scale was one of the main social processes. During that time the countries of Europe, America and Oceania that engaged in that ear, flourished. Inequality between those states fell. Goods, capital and labor flew freely between the nations of these countries. According to the Marxist theory globalization was regarded as a process of absorption of the industrialized nations of the North and the underdeveloped nations of the South.

Marxist scholars viewed globalization as synonymous with imperialism, the latest stage in the development of international capitalism. In the Communist Manifesto, 1848, Marx wrote about main demands for capitalism to survive, it must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, and establish connections everywhere In place of the old local and national seclusion and self-sufficiency, we have intercourse in every direction, universal inter-dependence of nations. Marx considered that globalization leads to monopoly in some fields. As the result, it would be an obstacle for free competition. Monopoly is exactly the opposite of free competition; but we have seen the latter being transformed into monopoly before our very eyes, creating large-scale industry and eliminating small industry, replacing large-scale industry by still larger scale industry, finally leading to such a concentration of production and capital that monopoly has been and is the result. The aim of which is to reduce the freedom of individuals in the name of profit.

They say that free trade will benefit the rich at the expense of the poor. Bibliography: Karl, Marx; Frederick, Engels. The Communist Manifesto. Selected Works. Progress Publishers, Moscow, USSR, ch. I, II, 1969; translated by Andy Blonde, 2004.


Free research essays on topics related to: capitalist societies, means of production, communist manifesto, karl marx, frederick engels

Research essay sample on Means Of Production Communist Manifesto

Writing service prices per page

  • $18.85 - in 14 days
  • $19.95 - in 3 days
  • $23.95 - within 48 hours
  • $26.95 - within 24 hours
  • $29.95 - within 12 hours
  • $34.95 - within 6 hours
  • $39.95 - within 3 hours
  • Calculate total price

Our guarantee

  • 100% money back guarantee
  • plagiarism-free authentic works
  • completely confidential service
  • timely revisions until completely satisfied
  • 24/7 customer support
  • payments protected by PayPal

Secure payment

With EssayChief you get

  • Strict plagiarism detection regulations
  • 300+ words per page
  • Times New Roman font 12 pts, double-spaced
  • FREE abstract, outline, bibliography
  • Money back guarantee for missed deadline
  • Round-the-clock customer support
  • Complete anonymity of all our clients
  • Custom essays
  • Writing service

EssayChief can handle your

  • essays, term papers
  • book and movie reports
  • Power Point presentations
  • annotated bibliographies
  • theses, dissertations
  • exam preparations
  • editing and proofreading of your texts
  • academic ghostwriting of any kind

Free essay samples

Browse essays by topic:

Stay with EssayChief! We offer 10% discount to all our return customers. Once you place your order you will receive an email with the password. You can use this password for unlimited period and you can share it with your friends!

Academic ghostwriting

About us

© 2002-2024 EssayChief.com