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Social History: Race and Ethnicity in America course The legacy of Malcolm X and Marcus Garvey is undeniable, lasting, positing and critically important for African American development, especially as a necessary counter point to the legacy of Martin Luther King. Questions of race and identity are very sharp for todays African Americans, and that is very much due to the people like Malcolm X, Marcus Garvey and Martin Luther King, Jr. Malcolm Xs strategies for fighting racial prejudice were often contrasted with Martin Luther King, Jr. s message of nonviolent resistance. Early in his life, Malcolm X advocated black separatism and spoke harshly against white society.
In 1964, Malcolm X went on a religious pilgrimage to Mecca. He returned from his pilgrimage with a changed outlook on how to advance the cause for racial justice in America, and began calling for world unity and peace between the races. A year later, on February 21, 1965, Malcolm X was assassinated at the Audubon Ballroom in Harlem. Malcolm X is often associated with the phrase by any means necessary, but his legacy is more complex than this phrase suggests. His early speeches inspired people to react to and reflect upon discrimination in America. Malcolm X organized large groups of people into a powerful political force and showed how people and their ideas can change over time.
Malcolm had a lot of enemies, because of his strengthening his connections with the civil rights movement. FBI wanted to decrease his influence. What is more some people from the Nation of Islam found him a traitor because of publicly criticizing Elijah Muhammad. On Feb. 21, 1965 he was assassinated while giving his speech at the Audubon Ballroom in New York.
The three gunmen that shot him were arrested and convinced. Later it was found that they were members of the Nation of Islam. In most cases what went wrong was that as these leaders failed to learn the lessons of self-reliance and power preparation as advocated by Marcus Garvey and in different ways by Booker T. Washington, W. E. B Dubois, Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X.
Africa became infiltrated by foreign agents. Africans had forgotten, if they knew at all, that Africa is the world's richest continent, repository of the greatest mineral wealth in the world. They had not asked themselves nor answered the most critical question. If Africa is the worlds richest continent, why is it so full of poor people?
Marcus Garvey advocated that Africans control the wealth of Africa. He taught that control, control of resources, control of self, control of nation, requires preparation, Garveyism was about total preparation. In todays United States, African Americans remember that the slave ships brought no West Indians, no Caribbeans, no Jamaicans or Trinidadians or Barbadians to this hemisphere. Many African Americans feel that the slave ships brought only African people and most of them took the semblance of nationality from the places where slave ships dropped us off. In the 500 year process of oppression the Europeans have displaced their God, their culture, and their traditions. White people have violated black women to the extent that they have created a bastard race who is confused as to whether to be loyal to its mothers people or its fathers people and for the most part they remain loyal to neither.
Many African American people believe that they cannot succeed in the world until they hear again Marcus Garvey's call: Africa for the Africans, those at home and abroad. They believe that they must regain their confidence in themselves as people and learn again the methods and arts of controlling nations. Todays black people often quote Marcus Garvey: up! up! you mighty race! you can accomplish what you will!
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Research essay sample on Martin Luther King Jr Nation Of Islam
