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Example research essay topic: Global Warming Fact Or Fiction - 2,058 words

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Global Warming: Fact or Fiction Outline: Introduction Are the scientists trying to make money? Can we control the Nature Global Warming how the fiction emerged Body CO 2 is not a cause of global warming Conclusions are made based on irrelevant data Reputable proponents of man-made global warming theory turn to opponents Conclusion Global Warming is a fiction Humanity is not able to make the climate change, climate changes are natural I remain skeptic The global warming has become a new religion Ivar Gi? ver, Nobel Prize in Physics All the warming that Earth is experiencing at the moment is most probably are the cycles it has been going through since its creation. Nobody really knows how many times the earth has frozen and thawed. There are speculations by scientists, but these scientists are also paid by the contracts and grants that allow them to keep doing research.

Without some form of global warming or greenhouse effect, there would be no grants for their research, and therefore, no paycheck. It is wrong to say that our environment is not in bad shape, but no one was around millions of years ago to document what was really taking place. All we have is the scientists speculations, whose very bread and butter come from research on subjects like global warming. How do we really know that this has not happened many times in the past over the millions of years the earth has been here? Th rally inconvenient truth is that w cannot control Natur. Nvrthlss, w can been to learn our tru plac in th Units and figure out how to cop rationally with inevitable chang.

Clearly, reducing air pollution is an admiral goal in its. But w must not b dude into thinking it will act climate significantly. Th connection btwn warming and atmospheric pollution is mor assets than demonstrate, will th connection with variations in th Sun has bn demonstrate. People started to talk about the global warming in the 1960 s. Based on many years of observations, scientists have found an increase in global mean surface air temperature of a few tenths of a degree. In the 1980 s in the United States, there started discussions on this natural phenomenon on a level of the UN reports.

There were data indicating that over the past 100 years, the air temperature at the Earth's surface has increased an average from 0, 3 to 0, 6 degrees. By the beginning of 1990, based on the forecasts of the Swedish scientist Arrhenius, made in the late XIX century, there formed a view that global warming on Earth is caused by an increase in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide and methane, water vapor, nitrous oxide, CFCs, etc. In 1995, on the intergovernmental conference in Madrid, the UN declared the global warming to be a scientific fact. However, up to this date the global scientific community has not reached the same conclusion about global warming. One of the opponents of this hypothesis is Emeritus Professor of Moscow State University, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Professor A. P.

Kapitza. According to him, over the past 30 years, all meteorological data, including terrestrial, satellite, show that there is very weak, existing cooling of Earths temperatures. Kapitza believes that the increase of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is rather the consequence, not the cause of warming. According to his explanation, if you heat the ocean at least by a half a degree, it immediately throws a lot of carbon dioxide in the air, as recorded in boreholes in Antarctica and Greenland.

In contrast, when the ocean becomes cooler, it starts to absorb carbon dioxide. The share of CO 2 emissions resulting from human economic activity, according to Geoffrey Daffi, Professor of Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Oakland University of New Zealand, is "the percentages of the total turnover of carbon dioxide in nature: not tens of percent, but only a few percent. However, even if there were tens of percent, it would not immediately mean that it is that bad. Fluctuations in the amounts of carbon dioxide also exists due to seasonal fluctuations.

Excess carbon dioxide contributes to increasing crop yields. (Ria Novosti, Jan. 15, 2007) There is a group of scientists that does not share the generally accepted opinion on the global warming. Many of them argue that when people talk about the current rise in temperature of a tenths of a degree, they forget about another fact: there have periods on Earth when the average temperature has changed by the entire degrees. A good example is when during a medieval period of global warming (warmer than now), Norwegian explorers settled on Greenland's grassy coast. However, the climate cooled, and by 1350 AD, ice covered their fields and coastal waters.

That "Little ice age" - a natural shift in the revolving cycles of nature - wiped out the entire community. Many scientists also believe that the present warming is cause only by purely natural reasons, not man-made. No one is yet able to adequately assess the influence of both factors. Many politicians are convinced that we are threatened by catastrophic global warming - for example, Germanic Chancellor Schroeder, British Prime Minister Blair.

And as a result, many politicians argue that the warming is a fact, but a reliable proof of this fact is absent. Moreover, the analysis of the observational data, made jointly by the Russian Professor Adamenko, showed that over the past 30 years in various regions of the Arctic warming there has been warming as well as cooling, even though it is generally considered that the greenhouse effect is particularly strong in the Arctic regions. Nevertheless, the Russian professor does not deny the existence of global environmental problems, which he sees in the imbalance of CO 2, caused primarily by the deforestation. Meteorologists from the Geography Faculty of Bologna University, based on calculations by modern climate models tend to assume that the warming correlates well with the CO 2 emissions resulting from human economic activity. In his TV show, Luca Mercalli, the Italian meteorological specialist, said that "despite the seemingly obvious fact that the temperature increases, the conclusion about the existence of global warming is very doubtful." (Che Tempo Che Fa, Jan. 22, 2008) First of all, an array of data, which served as a basis for this conclusion is non-uniform: there are results of observations of XX century, which are reliable, but there are also the numbers back from the XIX century. Moreover, many hydro meteorological stations have been originally located inside the natural landscape, even in urban areas, so it might also very well be that the recorded "global warming" was actually very local.

Nevertheless, if we analyze changes in the thermal regime of individual regions, the currently observed warming is present almost everywhere, but the scale of actual degrees vary. Russian scientists also prove that the statistics on warming is mostly influences by much warmer winters. Speaking about the possible causes, it should be noted that "climate change is occurring due to changes in the external factors and internal causes. " (Ria Novosti, March 1, 2008) Daffi is sure that it is impossible to judge about he origin of the modern climate change only on the basis of observational data is incorrect and impossible. The scientist presents the research results (numerical modeling and statistical analysis), which gave rise to the conclusion that "the present climatic situation is under the influence of anthropogenic factors, " that is under the influence of man.

But we should not forget that in real conditions, both mechanisms - the internal fluctuations of the climate system and reaction to external change - act together, they can both weaken and strengthen each other. A professor of the National University of Mexico, Victor Manuel Velasco Error notes that "up to this date there is no certainty that a man has studied the processes occurring in different shells of the Earth. So, if some one wants to say that the climate is changing, it is essential to specify in which exact place, at what time it is happening, as well as to clarify what is meant by the term "global climate change. " Also, the scientist pointed out that "the exchange of CO 2 between the atmosphere and the ocean is several times of a higher magnitude than the emissions caused by the human activity. The human impact exists and will exist in the future, but the humanity with its economic activity is not in any position to influence such huge flows which could lead to a global climate change. " (Ria Novosti, Jan. 15, 2007) Although the historical climate records tie climate t variations in the Sun's uncut, the star variation is considered t small t have much effect n global warming.

As Jan Gribbin with in New Scientist, "Statistical evidence links changes in ur weather t changing star activity. But n ne has ever cme up with a convincing explanation f hw the link wrk's. "The puzzle is that the verbal brightness f the Sun varies by less than 0. 1 per cent during the 11 -year cycle, t little t explain the b served changes in the weather. " (New Scientist, May 22, 1999). Slowly, the consensus has shifted politically in for f this view. recent report concedes tht there could be more influential effects on the climate, such s cosmic rys casino cloudiness, or ultraviolet radiation fleeting the ozone lyer. These factors change more markedly during the so cycle. But re these merely more side effects of so visibility nd not the rel case?

As for warming caused by mankind's production of so-called "greenhouse gases, " Professor Nils-Axel More wrote in submission to the UK parliament on global working, "The driving ide is tht there is liner relationship between CO 2 increase in the tmo sphere nd global temperature. The fct, however, is tht temperature hs constantly gone up nd down. From 1850 to 1970, we see n list liner relationship with So visibility; not CO 2. For the lst 30 yer's, our dt sets re so continued by personal interpretations nd personal choices tht it is list impossible to sort up the mess in reliable nd unreliable dt. " (House of Lords website, March 30, 2005) Eighteen yer's go, Dr. liege, Senior French Physicist nd pioneer of isotope studies, hd been mong the 1, 500 scientists who signed highly publicized letter stressing tht global working's "potential risks re very get. " But in September of 2006, in n rice in {l'Express} ("The Snows of Kilimnjro"), liege sid tht the retreat of the Kilimnjro glacier hd nothing to do with home-produced carbon dioxide, nd lso pointed to growth in the arctic glacier (l Express, 2006). The world population is already used to hearing about the "global warming", nobody doubts the very fact of its existence.

However, the question of the nature, essence and causes of this phenomenon remains an open issue. The other open and very important issue is the projection of its implications for the nature, civilization, business and national economies. There are reasons to believe that certain groups are trying to speculate on the importance and inevitability of the destructive effects of the global warming, even though there is more evidence to prove that it is a cyclic natural phenomenon, which comes and goes throughout the Earths existence and there is no need for us to panic about it at this moment. Word count: 1807 Sources used: A Cold Spell Soon to Replace Global Warming, 03 / 01 / 2008, Ria Novosti website, visited on Dec. 8, 2009, web Big Weather, John Gribbin, New Scientist Website, 22 May, 1999, visited on Dec. 8, 2009, web Che Tempo Che Fa, RAI Studios, Luca Mercalli, TV show held on Jan. 22, 2008, Milano, Italy Neiges du Kilimanjaro La cause de la modification climatique reste inconnue. Donc, prudence, L'Express, 2006 Russian Academic Says CO 2 Not to Blame for Global Warming, 15 / 01 / 2007, Ria Novosti Website, visited on Dec. 8, 2009, web Facts And Fiction About Sea Level Change May Low-Lying Islands And Coastal Areas Be Freed From The Condemnation To Become Flooded In The Near-Future, House of Lords Website, Written Evidence, 30 March, 2005, visited on Dec. 8, 2009, web


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Research essay sample on Global Warming Fact Or Fiction

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