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The paper describes Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia. The aim of the paper is to develop essay writing habits. The paper should be interesting for the reader at the same time it should include narration, exposition, definition, classification, description, process analysis, division / classification and persuasion paragraphs at once. Outline Introduction Body History Architecture Culture Indonesian food Urban development Environmental management City of contrasts Peoples life Reasons to visit Conclusion Jakarta, Indonesia Introduction Jakarta is home to over 10 million people, Jakarta is always bustling, from the sound of the wheel of government turning to the sight of the economy churning. Jakarta is an international gateway for Indonesia.
Practically all international airlines stop in Jakarta. From within Indonesia, several airlines serve the domestic markets. Skyscrapers, single story residential houses, modern apartment complexes, survivalists shanties - all coexist in this city. One should definitely visit Jakarta and in this paper I will try to explain why. (Thesis) Body In the early 16 th century, Portuguese merchants attempted to expand their commercial influence in the area, signed a treaty with the King of Pajajaran, and established a fortress there to defend against the Muslim forces. However, in 1527, Prince Fatahillah defeated King of Pajajaran, conquered the Portuguese fortress, and renamed the town Jakarta (meaning great victory). In 1619, the Dutch East India Company arrived in Java, burnt down the town and constructed a walled city named Batavia near the Jakarta bay, which became the centre of Dutch trading and administrative activities for three centuries. (Narration) Jakarta is a contrast of modern western architecture and traditional Indonesian culture.
Its rapid growth into a metropolitan city, however, is a reflection of the economic, political, social and industrial development of the nation. This enormous city has humble roots, starting as a small harbor town called Sunda Kelapa, but its actual founding dates back to the June 22, 1527 when it was named Jakarta by Fatahillah of the neighboring Sultanate of Banner. The name Jakarta means City of Great Victory but under Dutch control, the name was changed to Batavia. Shortly after the outbreak of World War II, Batavia fell into the hands of invading Japanese forces that also changed the name of the city. (Exposition) This time it was called Jakarta as a gesture aimed at winning the sympathy of the Indonesians. The name was retained even when Indonesia achieved national independence after the wars end. Now, as Jakarta, it is the centre of government, business and industry and spreads over an area of more than 650 sq.
km (410 sq miles) with a population of over nine million people. It is also designated as a special territory, (DKI) which means that it is administered by a governor and en joys the same status as a province. (Exposition) Jakarta's architecture reflects the history of outside influences, which came and left their mark on this vital seaport city. The Taman Fatahillah Restoration Project, begun in the early 1970 s, has restored one of the oldest sections of Jakarta, known as Old Batavia or Kota, to almost its original state. An old Portuguese Church and warehouse have been rejuvenated into living museums. (Exposition) Indonesia's critics sometimes accuse it of being inward-looking and preoccupied with itself compared to other nations. This can be particularly so in Jakarta. However, self-obsession is a feature of all big nations.
Chinese, Indians and Americans are all incredibly self-obsessed. The same is true of most really big cities -- think of New York, London, Beijing or Shanghai, Delhi or Bombay. Of course it is true of Jakarta too. Once can only be surprised because it is not accustomed to thinking of Jakarta as the vital metropolis, and one of the worlds biggest cities, at the heart of a nation of 240 million. (Compare/Contrast) In Jakarta, everything is available. Like gold and silver threads woven into a length of silk, the many festivals and ceremonials of the Indonesian life light up the fabric of the working year. Indonesian people love to celebrate and have fun, the pageantry and religious ceremonies reflect upon their strong devotion to.
The origins of their ceremonies and festivals are many and varied, but most are intimately connected with their colorful history and the external influences, which have shaped the Indonesian nation. (Description) Indonesians eat lot of rice. At lunch, for example, it is possible to see people with a plate full with rice and a piece of fish, eggs, chicken or just symbol, which is traditional Indonesian hot sauce. Traditional Indonesian meals are divided to three categories: Sundanese food (many fresh vegetables), Javanese (all meals are sweet) and Padang (spicy food). (Illustration) In Jakarta, you can find the most exotic regional delicacies. The best restaurants in Jakarta are known for elegant presentations known as palace cooking. Elegantly decorated establishments specializing in the refined art of food preparation are more available than ever before. Indonesian food became very popular worldwide thanks to its many delights.
Palace cooking offers traditional dishes that are well-prepared using methods that had been passed through many generations. (Definition) A key feature in Jakarta's urban development is the focus on environmental planning. This is not the case, as in many areas of the world, where environmental damage from urban development is often over-looked leaving for the future often-irreversible problems. Jakarta has used a series of instruments to manage this problem. One is regulatory measures, which includes things such as strict fines for air pollution. (Narration) Environmental management in Jakarta is also encouraged through planning controls. This is done through committees such as the agencies who have predicted a future population and made plans to compensate the growth in population. In addition, Indonesian government has offered economic incentives such as charging extra for excessive waste or water consumption, which encourages people to be more resourceful with their use and waste.
Finally, there has been heavy emphasis on awareness through education and campaigning. This is a crucial part of the environmental plan because if people are aware of the consequences of poor management they are more likely to cooperate making the country a better place for their generation and generations to come. Jakarta is a textbook example of perfect urban development for a variety of reasons. In addition, Jakarta has concentrated heavily on environmental practices throughout their urban development. By using instruments such as regulatory measures, planning controls, economic incentives and encouragement of public awareness they have achieves these results. (Exposition) Jakarta has been a main entrance for visitors and home to a dynamic contrast between western style skyscrapers, modern urban life style and traditional Indonesian culture.
It can be to Hong Kong, with its Western business facade and traditional Chinese culture. Its rapid growth into a Metropolitan city that can be compared to Bangkok or Singapore shows successful economic, politic, social, and industrial development of the country. (Compare/Contrast) Today, leisure time of people of certain society shows the way of life. In order to get in depth of both economic and social situation in Jakarta it would be necessary to discover what regularly citizens of Jakarta do. Indonesian magazines and TV commercials show how technology has affected the way people spend their past time. Either people are running errands leaving no time at all to relax, or they are most likely spending their past time watching television, playing video games, or surfing the net, just like in any other developed country of the world. However, for many people in Jakarta, leisure time does not exist at all.
In the United States, I believe, majority of people have some leisure time. It seems that some Indonesians work twenty-four seven. (Compare/Contrast) In Jakarta life teems everywhere except sometimes the places designed for its gentle relaxation. There is fabulous wealth in Jakarta and desperate poverty. The poor, even the unemployed especially the unemployed are too busy assembling the elements of survival for gentle relaxation.
Relaxation is a function of plenty. It is the opposite of the apathy of despair, or even the idle unhappiness of near despair. The rich relax, but they do so in private, in secluded, guarded and exclusive environments. (Division/Classification) Jakarta is traditional and modern; rich and poor; spiritual and worldly standing side by side in this bustling metropolis. The population, gathered from the diverse ethnic and cultural groups which shape Indonesia, are often in contrast and a reminder of the nations motto; Unity in Diversity.
So, why should you visit Jakarta? Well, for the same reasons you would visit New York, or London, or Paris, or Singapore, or any other big city. Recently, Jakarta has widely expanded its international facilities to ease the visitors enjoying life and attractions in the city. (Persuasion) In recent years, Jakarta has expanded its facilities for visitors with multi-star luxury hotels, fine restaurants, exciting nightlife and modern shopping centers as well as tourist attractions. Indonesians are famous for their hospitality. One should definitely visit Jakarta, because nowadays Indonesia is industrialized country and Jakarta is the heart of Indonesia. If you visit Jakarta you will be impressed with Indonesian culture. (Persuasion) Once you visit Jakarta, first try wonderful Indonesian food.
For recreation, be sure to visit Taman Mini Indonesia Index (Beautiful Indonesia in Miniature Park), marine resorts in the Bay of Jakarta, an extensive beach recreation complex and restored colonial period buildings. If you will have some time left you it may be interesting for you to see National Reawakening Building, Youth Pledge Building, Independence Proclamation Building and visit National Museum or Museum Gajah. (Process analysis) Conclusion Jakarta has been called a study in contrasts since it became the capital city of Indonesia. Many contrasts exist in the city: old and new, traditional and modern, rich and poor stand side by side. Over 10 million people live and struggle, they come from all over Indonesia to seek for a thing: a better life. Some of them have succeeded and the rest have not, but they still strive more and more.
Bibliography: History of Jakarta, web Cities of the Hot Zone: A Southeast Asian Adventure, Book by Greg Sheridan; Allen & Unwin, 2003
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