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Agriculture makes only one percent of gross domestic product. Arable land constitutes 34 %; irrigated land is 4, 580 sq km. Crops mostly consist of potatoes, wheat, barley, sugar beets, fruit, and cabbages alongside with cattle, pigs, and poultry. Since 1 January 2002 the Euro has become the sole currency for business and non-business transactions. Its code is EUR, and it exchange rate is 1. 1324 (euros per Us dollar) When deciding the opening of some operation facility in a country its communications and transportation infrastructure should be considered. Speaking about Germany it is not a matter one should worry about.
It has highly developed and updated systems of communication. Its telecommunication system is considered to be the most modern and technologically advanced in the world. The usage of cellular phones is widely spread in the country (every second German has a cellular phone). All other sorts of communications such as satellite systems, radio, television and Internet are highly developed as well.
Transportation infrastructure is also developed well in Germany. It has rather broad and ramified system of railroads. It totals 44, 000 km, 20, 300 of which it electrified. Most of its routs are double- or multiple-track.
There are from 3 to 4 thousands kilometers of privately owned tracks. Highways are more than satisfactory in the country. They total up to 656, 140 km, 650, 891 km of which are paved and 5, 249 are all-weather highways. The waterways are about 7, 500 km.
Rhine and Elbe are the most important rivers in Germany. The Kiel Canal, which connects the north and Baltic Sea, is of great economical importance as well. There is also a large number of ports (Berlin, Bonn, Brake, Bremen, Bremerhaven, Cologne, Dresden, Duisburg, Emden, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Kiel, Luebeck, Magdeburg, Mannheim, Rostock, Stuttgart), airports (about 625 with paved and unpaved runways), and heliports (about 59). The last, but the most important point is the current economic trends and reforms in the country, its today fiscal policy and taxation. One of the reasons why reforms are so vital to Germany is that it faces outside challenges like that of EU enlargement.
Germany is affected be it greatly because of its close economical ties with its east neighbors that are in the process of integrating into EU right now. It will involve some monetary policy threat, that is not useful, but inevitable. Due to the integration process, Germany policies should be considered from the point of view of European Union Polices. The last tendency was directed toward making stresses on the relative strengths of the particular policy. This means that Central Bank tends toward currency stability in its monetary policy. But this may lead to some confusion, as according to this tendency monetary, fiscal, and wage policies are chasing their own goals, instead of working together and coordinating their activities.
The waging policy that is called the new division of labor is directed towards keeping down the inflation processes. Having its chronicle unemployment, Germany will also experience EU labor market fluctuations, and the restriction on wage rising. Furthermore the accurate preservation of cyclical stability must be maintained, which is rather hard to do in the conditions of integration. Making a stress on stability and growth, means that the fiscal policy is one that occupies leading position in the policy mix. Talking about Germany, there is a risk of its fiscal policy being not table to cope with the deficit, which has already came to 3 % this year. All of those problems are the symptoms of inadequate principal dynamics in the economy.
The cure is more reforms leading the country towards lower unemployment rate and stable economical growth within the European Union.
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Research essay sample on Transportation Infrastructure Highly Developed
