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Bluetooth Technology Today computer technologies are rapidly developing, which allows millions of people around the globe to work faster and more conveniently. Bluetooth is the wireless networking initiative that is led by the worlds most advancing information technologies companies such as Ericsson, Intel, Nokia, IBM, Toshiba, Lucent and others. The creation of Bluetooth is a remarkable advance towards the development of new approaches in information technologies industry. Bluetooth was originally created by Ericsson, before it has been adopted by other companies. It is mainly a standard for a small and inexpensive radio chip, which is plugged into computers, cellular phones, printers etc. Bluetooth chip transmits the information at a special frequency to another Bluetooth chip (receiver), which will transfer the information to an electronic device The name Bluetooth originally came from a Danish King, Harald Bletand.
His name is translated as Bluetooth in English. Harald Bletand is famous for being the initiator of the unification of Denmark and Norway and that is why Bluetooth became the inspiration on the name uniting devices through Bluetooth. King Harald liked to eat Blueberries so much that his teeth became stained with the blue color. Of course, such a reason for calling a wireless technology after the Danish King sounds a little inappropriate. However, if to look on the map it will be possible to understand why such a name was chosen (Norway and Denmark are separated by the sea). Bluetooth technology is an open specification for wireless communication of data and voice.
Bluetooth is based on a low-cost short-range radio link that can be used for different purposes. A small 9 x 9 mm microchip is used for facilitating protected ad hoc connections for stationary and mobile communication environments. Bluetooth is actually a global specification for this type of wireless connectivity. Bluetooth technology is very useful, because it allows replacing all unneeded cables, which connect one electronic device with another.
Bluetooth connects two or more devices with the universal short-range radio link. Bluetooth radio technology that is built into two devises is used to connect these devices without cable through radio waves. For example, a cellular phone with a Bluetooth chip built-in can be easily connected with a laptop, computer can be connected with a printer, a fax machine, a keyboard or a joystick. Bluetooth is very practical, because today many offices are full with different electronic equipment that needs to be connected together in order to perform certain functions.
Many cables are needed to connect all electronic devices, which makes the workspace inconvenient, besides Bluetooth is especially valuable for mobile electronic devices, since they are frequently connected and disconnected while being transported. Bluetooth technology is not great only in terms of cable replacement. Bluetooth radio technology provides an ultimate and universal bridge to existing data networks, a peripheral interface, and a mechanism to form small private ad hoc groupings of interconnected devices away from the fixed network infrastructures. (web) Moreover, since Bluetooth is designed for operations in the noisy radio frequency environment, the Bluetooth radio modules are created to avoid interference from other signals by hopping a new frequency after transmitting or receiving signals. Bluetooth can also support an asynchronous data channel, or up to three simultaneous synchronous voice channels.
A picket is a collection of devices that are connected via Bluetooth in an ad hoc manner. A picket usually starts with two connected electronic devices, such as a cellular phone and a portable personal computer, and can grow up to eight connected devices. All Bluetooth devices are peer units and have similar implementations. One unit is master and other units are slaves when establishing a picket. Before any Bluetooth connections are created in a picket, all electronic devices should be in the standby mode. In this mode, each unit that has Bluetooth chip listens periodically for messages every 1. 28 seconds.
Each time a device wakes up, it goes through the set of 32 hop frequencies defined for the unit. The number of hop frequencies is different in many countries; however, 32 is the number used most frequently. The master device initiates the connection procedure. The master sends out a message at 16 hop frequencies and finds slave devices. If there is no response from a slave device, then the master device utilizes the remaining 16 frequencies. The maximum delay that can occur between the connection of master and slave is only 2. 56 seconds, while the average delay is only 0. 64 seconds. (web) This is very beneficial, because there is no need to deal with cables for a long time.
Moreover, with the Bluetooth technology the connection between different devices that have Bluetooth chip is established almost instantly, which saves lots of time (it is vital for a quick and easy set-up of a functional interconnection between various electronic devices). Forward Error Correction is aimed to limit the influence of random noise on long-distance radio links. Bluetooth radios operate in the unlicensed ISM band at 2. 4 GHz. Bluetooth baseband protocol is a combination of circuit and packet switching. Each packet is transmitted in a different hop frequency, while new operating frequency between two interconnected devices is established almost instantly.
That is why Bluetooth baseband is great in terms of user protection and information privacy. Moreover, authentication and encryption is used in the same way in each Bluetooth device that is appropriate for the ad hoc nature of a specified network. Bluetooth radio connections may require one-way, two-way authentication, or no authentication at all. The authentication in each case is based on a challenge-response algorithm. Authentication is the key component of any Bluetooth system, allowing the user to develop a field of trust between personal Bluetooth devices, such as allowing only the owners notebook computer to communicate through the owners cellular telephone. Encryption is used to protect the privacy of the connection.
The main goal of Bluetooth's security system is to provide a required level of protection for its short-range use. Bluetooth becomes commonly used for digital cellular phones. The Bluetooth Specification contemplates interfaces where radio modules can be integrated directly into cellular handsets or can be attached with the help of add-on device. Bluetooth phone usage models include wireless hands-free operation using a Bluetooth headset and cable free networking with a Bluetooth notebook. Digital mobile phones should support some subset of the Bluetooth Specification. Currently, Bluetooth is the best solution for wireless connection.
If to compare it with other systems operating in the same frequency band, it will be possible to find that Bluetooth radio usually hops faster and uses shorter packets. This all makes Bluetooth radio more convenient and more advanced than other wireless connection systems. One of the main benefits Bluetooth technology has, is that it works independently of any specific operating system. In addition, short packages and very fast hopping limit the impact of other unwanted radio waves that can be caused by home or office equipment. In the future, Bluetooth technologies will become even more sophisticated.
There is almost no doubt that quite soon Bluetooth will be used for many various purposes of connecting different electronic devices. Different ideas and projects can be developed and implemented with the help of Bluetooth technology. Moreover, worlds leading companies had made big investments into development of Bluetooth technology, which suggests that in the near future new products that make our lives convenient will be available on the market. These new products will be in demand, since Bluetooth technology can be used almost everywhere. Sources: web web web web
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