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... Whites claim the Indians were not making economic use of their lands in Kansas 1854 Tribes started giving up their land to move on to other land in Indian Territory By 1870 most of the tribes had been removed to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) complete removal was accomplished by 1881 Indian Wars In Kansas With the settlers and railroads moving west they created problems for the Indians Whites were crossing Indian lands, hunting and taking from Indian resources 1864 -- Colonel John M. Chivington 'Damn any man who sympathizes with Indians, ' he said. 'Kill and scalp all, big and little; nits make lice. ' He ordered the attack. and his troops massacred a camp of Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians (Sand Creek Massacre) eastern Colorado Chief Black Kettle and Chief White Antelope flew an American flag and a white flag and thought they were under military protection 750 troops killed 300 Indians White Antelope's scrotum had been cut off, later to be used as a tobacco pouch. 225 were women and children bodies were mutilated 10 soldiers died -- Indians in Kansas retaliated by attacking along the Smoky Hill and Santa Fe Trails and the Solomon and Saline River Valleys Several attempts at Peace Maj. Edward Wynkoop - Peace commissioner Little Arkansas Treaty- Indians accept reservations south of the Arkansas River Agree to leave white travelers alone In return, Indians receive Annuities Payments from the government Cash, homes, farms, agricultural implements, food, blankets, and clothing Peace short lived Government building more Forts to protect white travelers -- Dodge, Hays, and Wallace 1867 -- Major campaign launched against the Indians Lead by Major Winfield Scott Hancock also fighting Lt. Col.
George A. Custer and the Seventh Cavalry (scout for troops was James Butler Hickok 'Wild Bill') surprise attack did not work 1400 troops were supposed to scare the Indians. Peace attempt at Medicine Lodge 1867 still some fighting Indians complain whites taking land promised to the Indian Sand Creek only two years ago Again agreed to move to reservations n October 1868 General Philip Sheridan n attacks the Cheyenne in the winter - Indians would find it harder to resist n November 1868 Lt. Col. Custer and the 19 th Volunteer Regiment defeated the Cheyenne Indians 'The Battle of the Washing' n n 800 troopers attack Black Kettle's camp of 51 lodges before dawn on the 27 th in a foot of snow n n Custer reports 100 Indians killed and 21 of his own killed (Black Kettle dies) n Most of his losses were caused by other Indian tribes coming to Black Kettle's aid n Custer orders the slaughter of 800 pony and mules belonging to the Indians n Torches the lodges and all winter food and clothing n serves to break the Indian resistance n Indians upset about the number of Buffalo's being killed by the railroad and whites n William F 'Buffalo Bill' Cody killed 3000 in eight months period -- meat used to feed railroad workers Buffalo face mass extermination after Great hunts by rich and visiting royalty and railroad Last major problems in 1878 when a band of northern Cheyenne led by Dull Knife and Little Wolf left their reservation to travel to their aboriginal homeland in Montana Dull Knife Little Wolf several battles near Scott City Battle Canyon Made it across Kansas Had to kill several settlers and take their horses captured and placed on reservations Indians today in Kansas 1990 census statistics 2, 477, 574 persons 17, 800 Indians in Kansas 2000 census statistics 2, 688, 418 persons about 27, 000 Four reservations in Kansas Kickapoo near Brown County population 1600 Potawattomi in Jackson County population 1079 Iowa in Brown and Doniphan County population 327 Sac and Fox in Brown County population 162
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