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Example research essay topic: Stem Cell Research Vitro Fertilization - 1,113 words

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... the health of the mother can be proven (United 148 - 55). Many speculate that Roe v. Wade will be overturned within the next fifty years, and possibly sooner.

The laws may be changed to allow abortions completely, or to forbid them completely. Stem cells will definitely play a part in this decision. It is possible that the action of using fetuses to save lives can make abortions seem less evil. To terminate one life to save others is a decision that the world must make, and not make lightly.

Naturally, this is an ethical decision. However, it is not as difficult as some might think. Using stem cells from one fetus has the potential to save many lives. It is more ethical to terminate one undeveloped life by obtaining stem cells than it is to throw away many lives that are already productive members of society that just happen to have a life-threatening disease. With luck, the great scientists of today will be able to convince the courts of this fact, and will gain full support to let the doctors perform their jobs of saving lives.

With the heated debate over stem cells, rarely do scientists obtain them in the old-fashioned way. Originally, stem cells were obtained by fertilizing an egg in a Petri dish and allowing them to grow. Opposition to stem cell research included accusing scientists of aborting the tissue for the sole purpose of performing the research. Recently, scientists have looked to other sources of stem cells. When in-vitro fertilization is done, sperm and eggs are combined in a Petri dish outside the womb. Embryos are grown, and a certain number are implanted into the woman's body in the hopes that one will develop.

However, oftentimes, too many embryos actually do develop, and not all are implanted. These are frozen and stored instead of being destroyed. Very few of these will ever be used. It has been proposed that instead of aborting embryos created for the sole purpose of making stem cells, that scientists use these frozen embryos, which were created for other reasons, but have no other foreseeable use. With these embryos, many lines of stem cells could be cultured for both research and applied therapy (Lo n. p. ).

Controversy has developed here because many see this action of using a stored embryo to obtain stem cells as essentially an abortion. However, it is also an abortion to destroy these frozen embryos as will eventually happen to them. Even those who are using the abortion argument against stem cells must understand that if something this "evil" is going to happen no matter what happens, then at least if stem cells are harvested, then something good will come out of it. With debates rising over whether or not this is acceptable, the federal government was forced to step in. Currently, federal laws have permitted stem cells to be developed under the condition that the biological parents of the embryos sign waivers to allow this to take place (Lo n. p. ).

This compromise has currently kept the majority of the protesters happy. Those who view stem cell research as evil can forbid their own cells from being used. Unfortunately, it will not take long for people to realize that those who sign waivers are allowing what pro-life activists believe are abortions to take place. When this happens, those who speak out against mothers who have abortions will begin speaking out against those who have in vitro fertilization done. The only difference is that they will not be able to obtain the information on who is signing the waivers. The same thing will happen at these clinics are happening at AIDS clinics.

There are those who stand outside of AIDS clinics to harass patients walking in because they believe AIDS is a disease that can only be contracted through unprotected sex. Unfortunately, they also do not know why these people are going in. Sometimes, people contract AIDS for reasons other than fornication. However, people like these are close-minded, and do not understand this. It is probable that these people will also think the same thing about parents walking into clinics that perform in-vitro fertilization. Those who request in-vitro fertilization as well as being against the abortion of their unused embryos could potentially be misunderstood by protestors and attacked just as the innocent people walking into AIDS clinics are.

With hope, now the reader understands the argument against in-vitro derived stem cells. It is a prudent time to attack the argument. Chen Wang, a protagonist of stem cell research, describes scientists who were able to form several lines of stem cells. These were obtained from the center of blastocyst's, which are the beginning of the human embryo. The origins of these ESC's were the result of in-vitro fertilization (Wang n. p. ).

However, sperm and ova before fertilization have the status of any somatic (non-sperm, non-ova) cell in the body. It is known that humans rid their bodies of their excess sperm and ova on a regular basis. Those against the use of stem cells do not protest these discarded cells. However, when these two cells, habitually destroyed, are combined, they form a zygote, and receive protection from anti-abortion activists. Regardless of whether this zygote is an entity or not, a zygote and resulting cells from mitosis (cell division) are simply cells.

In fact, a human zygote, fetus, and even embryo are indistinguishable from any other developing chordate animal. This is not the "body harvesting" that Mr. Kass claims it to be. In addition, the opposition to this has failed to note one of the greatest parts of the stem cells created in Wang's report. These are lines of stem cells. Stem cell lines are cultures of stem cells that can be divided for more to be grown.

An infinite number of stem cells can be the result of one culture. The lines created by the University of Madison at Wisconsin are still in existence today. There is yet another source for embryonic stem cells that has been overlooked by the public, and with this new source is a point of view that puts the acquisition of stem cells into perspective. The President's Council on Bioethics has estimated that up to 80 % of unassisted pregnancies in America have resulted in miscarriage.

These miscarriages nearly always occur while in the embryonic stage. These embryos died due to natural causes. However, their tissue still lives, and included in that tissue are stem cells. In a bit of sarcasm, the Council stated: Quote: We generally do not regard this embryo loss as unacceptably tragic or engage in great efforts to avert...


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