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Example research essay topic: Neighboring Countries British Colonial - 1,121 words

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... who holds a Ph. D. in History and International Studies from the University of Denver, tells of an oxymoron that on an individual level, Belizean's believe that they must remain faithful allies to Britain and the United States in order to retain their status as an independent entity (Simmons 1996).

This oxymoron exemplifies the dependent situation of Belize. While globalization and international trade are essential aspects of todays world, countries still need to retain independent identities in order to create and retain control of their own policies. Belize's dependency on foreign aid is because its own economy is under-diverse, inadequate and unstable. This view may seem to contradict some economists who applaud Belize for its improvements.

For instance, researcher Tim Merrill writes: The Belizean economy entered the 1990 s in much better condition than it had entered in the 1980 s. The economy was more diverse, export biases had been removed and most important of all, the government had successfully completed a process of fiscal consolidation (Merrill 1993). Admittedly, the economic situation in Belize has improved as the economy has diversified: bananas and citrus fruits have supplemented the sugar exports, international banking has increased, and tourism has risen from a 4 % to a 9 % share of the economy from in the past ten years (Moberg 1992). However, this diversification is still not enough for a stable economy.

In the early 1990 s banana production was hampered by cold weather and black sigatoak disease and citrus is extremely susceptible to cold weather and high winds (Merrill 1993). This shows how Belize's economy is not diverse enough to withstand uncontrollable forces. Belize's economic woes are rooted in the British colonial control of the economy. O. Nigel Bolland writes, One way of ensuring the continued dependence of the laborers upon their employers was through monopolization of land ownership, a feature of the Belizean political economy that, leading to the under utilization of both land and labor, perpetuated the dependence of the entire economy upon the metropole. The development of [Britain] is structurally linked with the underdevelopment of [Belize] (Bolland 1977).

The structural link between the development of Great Britain and the underdevelopment of Belize is apparent in the late nineteen hundreds when half of Belize's private land was held by the British firm, the Belize Estate and Produce Company. Anthropologist Mark Moberg writes: Due to the disproportionate political influence of the Belize Estate and other absentee landowners, the British Colonial office ignored proposals to diversify the colony's economy with agriculture even as the mahogany industry slumped into prolonged crisis (Moberg 1992). The British monopolization of the Belizean economy is the foundation for the current economic problems of Belize. The Belizean economy underwent a drastic change in 1981, when Britain relinquished control over Belize. During this transition, the Citrus Growers Association was given more reign over the citrus economy which led to the increase in the orange producers price per box from $ 3. 75 in 1979 to $ 12. 00 in 1985. This economic growth shows how the British governments control over the Belizean economy kept the rural farmers from producing agricultural crops, allowing for importation of British agricultural goods.

When the British relinquished control in 1981, Belizean's were able to increase their production and profits significantly. However, this economic growth is still not enough to create an economy that satisfies the Belizean people. Belize's current population situation is key in proving that Belize is underdeveloped. Thousands of English speaking Creoles have emigrated to the United States only to be replaced by Spanish speaking refugees from neighboring countries (Muller 230). Louis Woods reports that this has resulted in an erosion of Belize's stock of human capital.

He also observed that Belizean emigrants have higher levels of educational attainment than those that remain behind, while the Central American immigrants have much lower educational levels. This brain drain imposes substantial social costs on Belize, as investments in human capital and the resulting potential future productivity gains are transferred into other countries (Woods 1996). This mass emigration indicates that the needs of the Creole population are not being met, as many are moving to America in search of better jobs. This seeking of better jobs is an indication that Belize is underdeveloped for the needs of its citizens.

However, this brings up and interesting point. As the demographics change its needs change as well. The mass influx of immigrants shows how Belize's political development must compare to neighboring countries. The immigrants are coming in search of a better life they feel they can find in Belize. This reveals Belize's development is above that of the neighboring countries, but does not prove that it is a developed country. Some may argue that the relatively high life expectancy and low infant mortality rates indicate that Belizean's needs are being met.

The facts remain that Belizean's are fleeing their own country in droves, indicating that in the minds of Belizean's, their homeland is an inadequate place to live. Belize's health and welfare, educational system, political dependency, economic situation, and current population emigrations reveal that Belize is an underdeveloped country. Belize is still overcoming the negative effects of its colonial power. The future of Belize depends upon keeping educated citizens from fleeing the country. A stable workforce, combined with the currently improving social and economic conditions have the potential to bring Belize up to par with developed countries, while providing for the needs of its citizens. Works Cited Bolland, O.

Nigel. The Formation of a Colonial Society: Belize, from Conquest to Crown Colony. John Hopkins University Press, 1977. Famighetti, Robert, et al. , Eds. The World Almanac.

Addison Wesley Longman, 1997. Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppresses, Continuum, New York 1987. Haylock, Diane C. Literacy in Belize from a Popular Education Perspective. Education in Belize.

Ed. Karen Shoman. SPEAR/Cuba Productions, 1991. Merrill, Tim, Ed.

Guyana And Belize, Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, 1993. Moberg, Mark. Citrus Strategy and Class. University of Iowa Press, 1992.

Muller, Peter O. and H. J. de Big. Geography: Realms Regions and Concepts 2000. John Wiley and Sons, 2000.

Nepal, Tank. Voices from the Developing World. Environment. Vol. 37, No. 8.

Held reg Publications, 1995. Schoenhals, Kai. Belize and Revolutionary Grenada. Central America: Historical Perspectives. Ed.

Ralph Lee Woodward, Jr. Greenwood Press, 1988. Shoman, Assad. Thirteen chapters of a history of Belize. Angelus Press Limited, 1994.

Simmons, Donald C. Jr. National Sovereignty as an Element of International Jurisprudence: A Case Study, The Quest of Belizean Separation from Guatemalan Dominion. Belize: Second Interdisciplinary Conference Ed. Michael D. Phillips.

University Press, 1996. Woods, Louis A. et al. International Migration and the Ruralization of Belize. Belize: Second Interdisciplinary Conference Ed. Michael D.

Phillips. University Press, 1996.


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Research essay sample on Neighboring Countries British Colonial

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