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Orders Issued by President Bill Clinton Executive Orders are official documents, Executive numbered consecutively, through which the President of the United States manages the operations of the Federal Government. Some Executive Orders in the past have created new commissions, councils, task forces and committees; issued and allocated bonds; authorized permit issuance; etc. 40 Executive Orders issued by President Clinton 1. 2000 - 12 - 23 Executive Orders on Puerto Rico's Status 2. 2000 - 12 - 23 Executive Orders on Adjustments of Certain Rates of Pay 3. 2000 - 12 - 07 Executive Order 13180 on Air Traffic Performance 4. 2000 - 12 - 07 Executive Order 13279 on Americas Nuclear Weapons Workers 5. 2000 - 12 - 04 Executive Order 13178 on Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral 6. 2000 - 12 - 04 Executive Order 13177 on Use of Offsets in Defense Trade 7. 2000 - 12 - 20 Executive Order on Protecting the Privacy of Protected Health 8. 2000 - 11 - 06 Executive Order 13175 on Indian Tribal Governments 9. 2000 - 10 - 06 Executive Order 13170 on Disadvantaged Business 10. 2000 - 10 - 06 Executive Order 13169 on Small Business Exporters 11. 2000 - 11 - 27 Executive Order 13176 on Facilitation of Presidential Transition 12. 2000 - 10 - 27 Executive Order 13174 on Economic Change in the New Economy 13. 2000 - 10 - 25 Executive Order 13172 on the Role of the National Task Force 14. 2000 - 10 - 25 Executive Order 13173 on the Central San Joaquin Valley 15. 2000 - 10 - 12 Executive Order 13171 on Hispanic Employment 16. 2000 - 09 - 22 Executive Order 13168 on Tobacco Production 17. 2000 - 09 - 15 Executive Order 13167 on Amendment to Executive Order 13147 18. 2000 - 08 - 11 Executive Order 13166 on Limited English Proficiency Services 19. 2000 - 08 - 09 Executive Order 13165 on White House Task Force on Drug Use 20. 2000 - 07 - 26 Executive Order 13164 -Establishing Reasonable Accommodations 21. 2000 - 07 - 26 Executive Order 13163 on Employing People with Disabilities 22. 2000 - 07 - 10 Executive Order 13162 on the Federal Career Inter Program 23. 2000 - 06 - 30 Executive Order 13161 on Presidential Medal of Valor 24. 2000 - 06 - 23 Executive Order 13160 on Nondiscrimination 25. 2000 - 06 - 22 Executive Order 13159 on the Russian Federation 26. 2000 - 05 - 26 Executive Order 13158 on Marine Protected Areas 27. 2000 - 05 - 23 Executive Order 13157 on Woman-Owned Small Businesses 28. 2000 - 05 - 17 Executive Order 13156 on Amendment on Executive Order 12871 29. 2000 - 05 - 10 Executive Order 13155 on Access to HIV-AIDS Pharmaceuticals 30. 2000 - 05 - 03 Executive Order 13153 on Improving Low-Performing Schools 31. 2000 - 05 - 02 Executive Order 13152 Equal Employment Opportunities 32. 2000 - 05 - 03 Executive Order 13154 Establishing Kosovo Campaign Medal 33. 2000 - 02 - 08 Executive Order 13145 on Discrimination in Federal Employment 34. 1999 - 02 - 25 Executive Order 13114 on Council on Sustainable Development 35. 1999 - 04 - 14 Executive Order 13119 Combat Zone Designation 36. 2000 - 02 - 29 Executive Order 13146 on the Future of Princeville NC 37. 2000 - 03 - 08 Executive Order 13147 on Medicine Policy 38. 2000 - 04 - 21 Executive Order 13150 on Federal Workforce Transportation 39. 2000 - 04 - 21 Executive Order 13149 on Federal Fleet and Transportation 40. 2000 - 04 - 22 Executive Order 13148 on Environmental Management ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PRESIDENTS TASK FORCE ON PUERTO RICOS STATUS By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including Public Law 106 - 346, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Policy. It is the policy of the executive branch of the Government of the United States of America to help answer the questions that the people of Puerto Rico have asked for years regarding the options for the islands' future status and the process for realizing an option. Further, it is our policy to consider and develop positions on proposals, without preference among the options, for the Commonwealth's future status; to discuss such proposals with representatives of the people of Puerto Rico and the Congress; to work with leaders of the Commonwealth and the Congress to clarify the options to enable Puerto Ricans to determine their preference among options for the islands' future status that are not incompatible with the Constitution and basic laws and policies of the United States; and to implement such an option if chosen by a majority, including helping Puerto Ricans obtain a governing arrangement under which they would vote for national government officials, if they choose such a status. Sec. 2.

The President's Task Force on Puerto Rico's Status. There is established a task force to be known as "The President's Task Force on Puerto Rico's Status" (Task Force). It shall be composed of designees of each member of the President's Cabinet and the Co-Chairs of the President's Interagency Group on Puerto Rico (Interagency Group). The Task Force shall be co-chaired by the Attorney General's designee and a Co-Chair of the Interagency Group. Sec. 3.

Functions. The Task Force shall seek to implement the policy set forth in section 1 of this order. It shall ensure official attention to and facilitate action on matters related to proposals for Puerto Rico's status and the process by which an option can be realized. It shall provide advice and recommendations on such matters to the President and the Congress. It shall also provide advice and recommendations to assist the Executive Office of the President in fulfilling its responsibilities under Public Law 106 - 346 to transfer funding to the Elections Commission of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico for public education on and a public choice among options for Puerto Rico's future status that are not incompatible with the Constitution and the basic laws and policies of the United States. Sec. 4.

Report. The Task Force shall report on its actions to the President not later than May 1, 2001, and thereafter as needed but not less than annually on progress made in the determination of Puerto Rico's ultimate status. WILLIAM J. CLINTON THE WHITE HOUSE, December 23, 2000. By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the laws cited herein, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Statutory Pay Systems.

The rates of basic pay or salaries of the statutory pay systems (as defined in 5 U. S. C. 5302 (1) ), as adjusted under 5 U. S. C. 5303 (a), are set forth on the schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof: (a) The General Schedule (5 U. S.

C. 5332 (a) ) at Schedule 1; (b) The Foreign Service Schedule (22 U. S. C. 3963) at Schedule 2; and (c) The schedules for the Veterans Health Administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs (38 U. S. C. 7306, 7404; section 301 (a) of Public Law 102 - 40) at Schedule 3. Sec. 2.

Senior Executive Service. The rates of basic pay for senior executives in the Senior Executive Service, as adjusted under 5 U. S. C. 5382, are set forth on Schedule 4 attached hereto and made a part hereof. Sec. 3. Executive Salaries.

The rates of basic pay or salaries for the following offices and positions are set forth on the schedules attached hereto and made a part hereof: (a) The Executive Schedule (5 U. S. C. 5312 - 5318) at Schedule 5; (b) The Vice President (3 U. S.

C. 104) and the Congress (2 U. S. C. 31) at Schedule 6; and (c) Justices and judges (28 U. S. C. 5, 44 (d), 135, 252, and 461 (a) ) at Schedule 7.

Sec. 4. Uniformed Services. Pursuant to section 601 of Public Law 106 - 398, the rates of monthly basic pay (37 U. S. C. 203 (a) ) for members of the uniformed services and the rate of monthly cadet or midshipman pay (37 U. S.

C. 203 (c) ) are set forth on Schedule 8 attached hereto and made a part hereof. Sec. 5. Locality-Based Comparability Payments. (a) Pursuant to sections 5304 and 5304 a of title 5, United States Code, locality-based comparability payments shall be paid in accordance with Schedule 9 attached hereto and made a part hereof. (b) The Director of the Office of Personnel Management shall take such actions as may be necessary to implement these payments and to publish appropriate notice of such payments in the Federal Register. Sec. 6. Administrative Law Judges. The rates of basic pay for administrative law judges, as adjusted under 5 U.

S. C. 5372 (b) (4), are set forth on Schedule 10 attached hereto and made a part hereof. Sec. 7. Effective Dates. Schedule 8 is effective on January 1, 2001. The other schedules contained herein are effective on the first day of the first applicable pay period beginning on or after January 1, 2001.

WILLIAM J. CLINTON THE WHITE HOUSE, December 23, 2000. AIR TRAFFIC PERFORMANCE-BASED ORGANIZATION By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and in order to further improve the provision of air traffic services, an inherently governmental function, in ways that increase efficiency, take better advantage of new technologies, accelerate modernization efforts, and respond more effectively to the needs of the traveling public, while enhancing the safety, security, and efficiency of the Nation's air transportation system, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Establishment of the Air Traffic Organization. (a) The Secretary of Transportation (Secretary) shall, consistent with his legal authorities, move to establish within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) a performance-based organization to be known as the "Air Traffic Organization" (ATO). (b) The ATO shall be composed of those elements of the FAA's Air Traffic Services and Research and Acquisition organizations that have direct connection and give support to the provision of day-to-day operational air traffic services, as determined by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration (Administrator). The Administrator may delegate responsibility for any operational activity of the air traffic control system to the head of the ATO. The Administrator's responsibility for general safety, security, and policymaking functions for the National Airspace System is unaffected by this order. (c) The Chief Operating Officer (COO) of the Air Traffic Control System, established by the Wendell H.

Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21 st Century (Air- 21) (Public Law 106 - 181), shall head the ATO and shall report directly to the Administrator and be subject to the authority of the Administrator. The COO, in consultation with the Air Traffic Control Subcommittee of the Aviation Management Advisory Committee, shall enter into an annual performance agreement with the Administrator that sets forth measurable organization and individual goals in key operational areas and describes specific targets and how such goals will be achieved. The COO may receive an annual bonus not to exceed 30 percent of the annual rate of basic pay, based upon the Administrator's evaluation of the COO's performance in relation to the targets and goals described above. (d) The COO shall develop a 5 -year strategic plan for the air traffic control system, including a clear statement of the mission and objectives for the system's safety, efficiency, and productivity. This strategic plan must ensure that ATO actions are consistent with long-term FAA strategies for the aviation system as a whole. (e) The COO shall also enter into a framework agreement with the Administrator that will establish the relationship of the ATO with the other organizations of the FAA.

Sec. 2. Purpose. The FAA's primary mission is to ensure the safety, security, and efficiency of the National Airspace System. The purpose of this order is to enhance that mission and further improve the delivery of air traffic services to the American public by reorganizing the FAA's air traffic services and related offices into a performance-based, results-oriented, organization.

The ATO will be better able to make use of the unique procurement and personnel authorities that the FAA currently has and to better use the additional management reforms enacted by the Congress this year under Air- 21. Specifically, the ATO shall: (a) optimize use of existing management flexibilities and authorities to improve the efficiency of air traffic services and increase the capacity of the system; (b) develop methods to accelerate air traffic control modernization and to improve aviation safety related to air traffic control; (c) develop agreements with the Administrator of the FAA and users of the products, services, and capabilities it will provide; (d) operate in accordance with safety performance standards developed by the FAA and rapidly respond to FAA safety and security oversight findings; (e) consult with its customers, the traveling public, including direct users such as airlines, cargo carriers, manufacturers, airports, general aviation, and commercial space transportation providers, and focus on producing results that satisfy the FAA's external customer needs; (f) consult with appropriate Federal, State, and local public agencies, including the Department of Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, to determine the best practices for meeting the diverse needs throughout the National Airspace System; (g) establish strong incentives to managers for achieving results; and (h) formulate and recommend to the Administrator any management, fiscal, or legislative changes necessary for the organization to achieve its performance goals. Sec. 3. Aviation Management Advisory Committee. The Air Traffic Control Subcommittee of the Aviation Management Advisory Committee shall provide, consistent with its responsi-bilities under Air- 21, general oversight to ATO regarding the administration, management, conduct, direction, and supervision of the air traffic control system. Sec. 4.

Evaluation and Report. Not later than 5 years after the date of this order, the Aviation Management Advisory Committee shall provide to the Secretary and the Administrator a report on the operation and effectiveness of the ATO, together with any recommendations for management, fiscal, or legislative changes to enable the organization to achieve its goals. Sec. 5. Definitions. The term "air traffic control system" has the same meaning as the term defined by section 40102 (a) (42) of title 49, United States Code.

Sec. 6. Judicial Review. This order does not create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law by a party against the United States, its agencies, its officers, or any person. WILLIAM J. CLINTON THE WHITE HOUSE, December 7, 2000 PROVIDING COMPESATION TO AMERICAS NUCLEAR WEAPONS WORKERS By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including Public Law 106 - 398, the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (Public Law 106 - 398, the "Act"), and to allocate the responsibilities imposed by that legislation and to provide for further legislative efforts, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. Policy.

Since World War II, hundreds of thousands of men and women have served their Nation in building its nuclear defense. In the course of their work, they overcame previously unimagined scientific and technical challenges. Thousands of these courageous Americans, however, paid a high price for their service, developing disabling or fatal illnesses as a result of exposure to beryllium, ionizing radiation, and other hazards unique to nuclear weapons production and testing. Too often, these workers were neither adequately protected from, nor informed of, the occupational hazards to which they were exposed. Existing workers' compensation programs have failed to provide for the needs of these workers and their families.

Federal workers' compensation programs have generally not included these workers. Further, because of long latency periods, the uniqueness of the hazards to which they were exposed, and inadequate exposure data, many of these individuals have been unable to obtain State workers' compensation benefits. This problem has been exacerbated by the past policy of the Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessors of encouraging and assisting DOE contractors in opposing the claims of workers who sought those benefits. This policy has recently been reversed. While the Nation can never fully repay these workers or their families, they deserve recognition and compensation for their sacrifices.

Since the Administration's historic announcement in July of 1999 that it intended to compensate DOE nuclear weapons workers who suffered occupational illnesses as a result of exposure to the unique hazards in building the Nation's nuclear defense, it has been the policy of this Administration to support fair and timely compensation for these workers and their survivors. The Federal Government should provide necessary information and otherwise help employees of the DOE or its contractors determine if their illnesses are associated with conditions of their nuclear weapons-related work; it should provide workers and their survivors with all pertinent and available information necessary for evaluating and processing claims; and it should ensure that this program minimizes the administrative burden on workers and their survivors, and respects their dignity and privacy. This order sets out agency responsibilities to accomplish these goals, building on the Administration's articulated principles and the framework set forth in the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000. The Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Energy shall be responsible for developing and implementing actions under the Act to compensate these workers and their families in a manner that is compassionate, fair, and timely. Other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall assist in this effort. Sec. 2.

Designation of Responsibilities for Administering the Energy Employees' Occupational Illness Compensation Program ("Program"). (a) Secretary of Labor. The Secretary of Labor shall have primary responsibility for administering the Program. Specifically, the Secretary shall: (i) Administer and decide all questions arising under the Act not assigned to other agencies by the Act or by this order, including determining the eligibility of individuals with covered occupational illnesses and their survivors and adjudicating claims for compensation and benefits; (ii) No later than May 31, 2001, promulgate regulations for the administration of the Program, except for functions assigned to other agencies pursuant to the Act or this order; (iii) No later than July 31, 2001, ensure the availability, in paper and electronic format, of forms necessary for making claims under the Program; and (iv) Develop informational materials, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, to help potential claimants understand the Program and the application process, and provide these materials to individuals upon request and to the Secretary of Energy and the Attorney General for dissemination to potentially eligible individuals. (b) Secretary of Health and Human Services. The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall: (i) No later than May 31, 2001, promulgate regulations establishing: (A) guidelines, pursuant to section 3623 (c) of the Act, to assess the likelihood that an individual with cancer sustained the cancer in the performance of duty at a Department of Energy facility or an atomic weapons employer facility, as defined by the Act; and (B) methods, pursuant to section 3623 (d) of the Act, for arriving at and providing reasonable estimates of the radiation doses received by individuals applying for assistance under this program for whom there are inadequate records of radiation exposure; (ii) In accordance with procedures developed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, consider and issue determinations on petitions by classes of employees to be treated as members of the Special Exposure Cohort; (iii) With the assistance of the Secretary of Energy, apply the methods promulgated under subsection (b) (i) (B) to estimate the radiation doses received by individuals applying for assistance; (iv) Upon request from the Secretary of Energy, appoint members for a physician panel or panels to consider individual workers' compensation claims as part of the Worker Assistance Program under the process established pursuant to subsection (c) (v); and (v) Provide the Advisory Board established under section 4 of this order with administrative services, funds, facilities, staff, and other necessary support services and perform the administrative functions of the President under the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5 U. S. C.

App. ), with respect to the Advisory Board. (c) Secretary of Energy. The Secretary of Energy shall: (i) Provide the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health access, in accordance with law, to all relevant information pertaining to worker exposures, including access to restricted data, and any other technical assistance needed to carry out their responsibilities under subsection (b) (ii) and section 4 (b), respectively. (ii) Upon request from the Secretary of Health and Human Services or the Secretary of Labor, and as permitted by law, require a DOE contractor, subcontractor, or designated beryllium vendor, pursuant to section 3631 (c) of the Act, to provide information relevant to a claim under this Program; (iii) Identify and notify potentially eligible individuals of the availability of compensation under the Program; (iv) Designate, pursuant to sections 3621 (4) (B) and 3622 of the Act, atomic weapons employers and additions to the list of designated beryllium vendors; (v) Pursuant to Subtitle D of the Act, negotiate agreements with the chief executive officer of each State in which there is a DOE facility, and other States as appropriate, to provide assistance to a DOE contractor employee on filing a State workers' compensation system claim, and establish a Worker Assistance Program to help individuals whose illness is related to employment in the DOE's nuclear weapons complex, or the individual's survivor if the individual is deceased, in applying for State workers' compensation benefits. This assistance shall include: (1) Submittal of reasonable claims to a physician panel, appointed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services and administered by the Secretary of Energy, under procedures established by the Secretary of Energy, for determination of whether the individual's illness or death arose out of and in the course of employment by the DOE or its contractors and exposure to a toxic substance at a DOE facility; and (2) For cases determined by the physician panel and the Secretary of Energy under section 3661 (d) and (e) of the Act to have arisen out of and in the course of employment by the DOE or its contractors and exposure to a toxic substance at a DOE facility, provide assistance to the individual in filing for workers' compensation benefits. The Secretary shall not contest these claims and, to the extent permitted by law, shall direct a DOE contractor who employed the applicant not to contest the claim; (vi) Report on the Worker Assistance Program by making publicly available on at least an annual basis claims-related data, including the number of claims filed, the number of illnesses found to be related to work at a DOE facility, job location and description, and number of successful State workers' compensation claims awarded; and (vii) No later than January 15, 2001, publish in the Federal Register a list of atomic weapons employer facilities within the meaning of section 3621 (5) of the Act, Department of Energy employer facilities within the meaning of section 3621 (12) of the Act, and a list of facilities owned and operated by a beryllium vendor, within the meaning of section 3621 (6) of the Act. (d) Attorney General. The Attorney General shall: (i) Develop procedures to notify, to the extent possible, each claimant (or the survivor of that claimant if deceased) whose claim for compensation under section 5 of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act has been or is approved by the Department of Justice, of the availability of supplemental compensation and benefits under the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program; (ii) Identify and notify eligible covered uranium employees or their survivors of the availability of supplemental compensation under the Program; and (iii) Upon request by the Secretary of Labor, provide information needed to adjudicate the claim of a covered uranium employee under this Program.

Sec. 3. Establishment of Interagency Working Group. (a) There is hereby established an Interagency Working Group to be composed of representatives from the Office of Management and Budget, the National Economic Council, and the Departments of Labor, Energy, Health and Human Services, and Justice. (b) The Working Group shall: (i) By January 1, 2001, develop a legislative proposal to ensure the Program's fairness and efficiency, including provisions to assure adequate administrative resources and swift dispute resolution; and (ii) Address any impediments to timely and coordinated Program implementation. Sec. 4. Establishment of Advisory Board on Radiation and Worker Health. (a) Pursuant to Public Law 106 - 398, there is hereby established an Advisory Board on Radiation and Health (Advisory Board). The Advisory Board shall consist of no more than 20 members to be appointed by the President. Members shall include affected workers and their representatives, and representatives from scientific and medical communities.

The President shall designate a Chair for the Board among its members. (b) The Advisory Board shall: (i) Advise the Secretary of Health and Human Services on the development of guidelines under section 2 (b) (i) of this order; (ii) Advise the Secretary of Health and Human Services on the scientific validity and quality of dose reconstruction efforts performed for this Program; and (iii) Upon request by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, advise the Secretary on whether there is a class of employees at any Department of Energy facility who were exposed to radiation but for whom it is not feasible to estimate their radiation dose, and on whether there is a reasonable likelihood that such radiation dose may have endangered the health of members of the class. Sec. 5. Reporting Requirements. The Secretaries of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Energy shall, as part of their annual budget submissions, report to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on their activities under this Program, including total expenditures related to benefits and program administration.

They shall also report to the OMB, no later than March 1, 2001, on the manner in which they will carry out their respective responsibilities under the Act and this order. This report shall include, among other things, a description of the administrative structure established within their agencies to implement the Act and this order. In addition, the Secretary of Labor shall annually report on the total number and types of claims for which compensation was considered and other data pertinent to evaluating the Federal Government's performance fulfilling the requirements of the Act and this order. Sec. 6. Administration and Judicial Review. (a) This Executive Order shall be carried out subject to the availability of appropriations, and to the extent permitted by law. (b) This Executive Order does not create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or equity by a party against the United States, its agencies, its officers or employees, or any other person. WILLIAM J.

CLINTON THE WHITE HOUSE, December 7, 2000. NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM RESERVE By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including the National Marine Sanctuaries Act, (16 U. S. C. 1431 et seq. ), and the National Marine Sanctuaries Amendments Act of 2000, Public Law 106 - 513, and in furtherance of the purposes of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U. S. C. 1801 et seq. ), Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (33 U.

S. C. 1401 et seq. ), Coastal Zone Management Act (16 U. S. C. 1451 et seq. ), Endangered Species Act (16 U.

S. C. 1531 et seq. ), Marine Mammal Protection Act (16 U. S. C. 1362 et seq. ), Clean Water Act (33 U. S. C. 1251 et seq. ), National Historic Preservation Act (16 U.

S. C. 470 et seq. ), National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act (16 U. S. C. 668 dd-ee), and other pertinent statutes, it is ordered as follows: Section 1. Preamble. The world's coral reefs -- the rain forests of the sea -- are in serious decline.

These important and sensitive areas of biodiversity warrant special protection. While United States waters contain approximately 3 percent of the world's coral reefs, approximately 70 percent of U. S. coral reefs are in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

The 3. 5 million acres of coral reefs around the remote, mostly uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands are spectacular and almost undisturbed by humans. The approximately 1, 200 mile stretch of coral islands, seamounts, banks, and shoals are unquestionably some of the healthiest and most extensive coral reefs in the United States. In their own right, the spectacular coral reefs and lands provide an amazing geological record of volcanic and erosive powers that have shaped this area. This vast area supports a dynamic reef ecosystem that supports more than 7, 000 marine species, of which approximately half are unique to the Hawaiian Island chain. This incredibly diverse ecosystem is home to many species of coral, fish, birds, marine mammals, and other flora and fauna including the endangered Hawaiian monk seal, the threatened green sea turtle, and the endangered leatherback and hawks bill sea turtles. In addition, this area has great cultural significance to Native Hawaiians as well as linkages to early Polynesian culture -- making it additionally worthy of protection and understanding.

This is truly a unique and special place, a coral reef ecosystem like no place on earth, and a source of pride, inspiration, and satisfaction for all Americans, especially the people of Hawaii. It is fully worthy of our best efforts to preserve a legacy of America's natural wonders for future generations. Due to the special significance of this area, I have determined that it is in the best interest of our Nation, and of future generations, to provide strong and lasting protection for the coral reef ecosystem of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. On May 26, 2000, I directed the Secretaries of Commerce and the Interior, working cooperatively with the State of Hawaii and consulting with the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council, to develop recommendations for a new, coordinated management regime to increase protection of the coral reef ecosystem of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands and provide for sustainable use of the area.

Upon consideration of their recommendations and comments received during the public visioning process on this initiative, and based on the statutory authorities set forth above, I am issuing this Executive Order. Sec. 2. Purpose. The purpose of this Executive Order is to ensure the comprehensive, strong, and lasting protection of the coral reef ecosystem and related marine resources and species (resources) of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Sec. 3. Establishment of Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve.

There is hereby established in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands a coral reef ecosystem reserve to be known as the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (Reserve). The Reserve shall include submerged lands and waters of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, extending approximately 1, 200 nautical miles (nm) long and 100 nm wide. The Reserve shall be adjacent to and seaward of the seaward boundaries of the State of Hawaii and the Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, and shall overlay the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge to the extent that it extends beyond the seaward boundaries of the State of Hawaii. The boundaries of the Reserve are described in section 6 of this order. Sec. 4. Management Principles.

The Secretary of Commerce, or his designee, (hereafter "Secretary") shall, subject to section 10 (b) of this order, manage the Reserve in accordance with the following principles: (a) The principal purpose of the Reserve is the long-term conservation and protection of the coral reef ecosystem...


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