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Example research essay topic: Magnetic Field Solar System - 1,666 words

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... are fired into a cavity of xenon gas. Once in the cavity, the electrons knock some of xenon's electrons off. Since electrons are negatively charged, the entire xenon atom becomes positively charged and therefore ionized. These ionized particles will now fly out of the back of the spacecraft at an incredible rate of more than 62, 000 miles per hour! The xenon ions would be going in the opposite direction of the craft.

Due to Newton's third law, which was discussed above, the spacecraft will be thrust forward. This engine actually needs a few years to get going until it reaches its optimum speed. However, once it achieves this speed, it is able to produce ten times the thrust of a normal rocket using the same amount of fuel. This would help us to get to Pluto and Charon more rapidly. Moreover, this rocket provides us with better and more unusual maneuvering capabilities than other rockets.

Therefore, we will be able to study Pluto more effectively once we arrive (discovery. com 1). Once we arrive at this planet, there are a few objectives we would like to meet. To help to keep the mass down, the craft needs to be built around a few key, small, streamlined instruments so we do not increase the mass with bulky, unnecessary materials. Therefore, we need to build the craft with only the necessary instruments that will help us reach our objectives. Firstly, we would like to map the planet using a spectrometer.

This instrument maps the surface of Pluto by figuring out what chemicals are contained on the planet through light wavelengths. Each periodic element gives off a different wavelength. From measuring these wavelengths, we will be able to find out exactly what elements are on Pluto. It is true that we did a similar experiment from Earth but doing it so much closer will give us a much more accurate picture of the true composition. Our second objective is to map the global geology of the planet. In other words, we would like to see what major surface features the planet has.

This will be achieved by using sonar. We will bounce sound waves off the planet and will be able to figure out the major surface features by calculating how long it takes each sound wave to bounce back. For example, if the sound were bounced into a cavern or canyon, it would take a longer time to get back to the craft than a wave bounced off a peak or mountain. An imagining camera will also be used to take pictures of the geology. The third thing w want to do is learn as much as we can about Pluto's rapidly freezing atmosphere. We will do this using spectroscopy as well, much as we will use to map the surface.

Through this, we will determine accurately the composition of the atmosphere on Pluto. The forth object is to refine our calculations of the radius and mass of the plant. We can do this by using ratios. We will know how far away we are and can measure the apparent size of Pluto.

Now by using ratios, we can accurately calculate measurements such as radius and mass. Figuring the temperature of the planet through infrared imaging is another thing we hope to accomplish. In infrared imagining different temperatures on the planet are represented by different colors. Therefore, we will be able to see the different temperature variations.

Finally, our last objective is to determine whether Pluto truly has a magnetic field. We can do this a few ways. Firstly, we could attach a magnetometer that would measure a magnetic field to the craft (Space Studies Board 34). In addition, we can use the information we learned in Astronomy 104 concerning magnetic fields. For example, we could see if there is any geologic activity on the surface. This usually leads to a liquid interior, which in turn leads to a magnetic field.

In addition, an atmosphere sometimes is a result of geologic activity, which, as just shown, leads to a magnetic field. Not only will we carry out all of these objectives for the planet Pluto, we will also try to get the same information for its counterpart, Charon. Charon is also a very unique object in the solar system. Given Pluto's small size, Charon is a very large moon for a planet of Pluto's size to obtain. There is no other planet-satellite system like the Pluto-Charon system in the entire solar system. Learning more about Charon will also help us to better understand the outer solar system and its composition, just as learning about Pluto will.

Even though we are ambitious about the mission, we know that every exploration has its potential problems to avoid, including our trip to the Pluto-Charon system. One of the first potential problems we could encounter is the cold, frigid temperature of the outer solar system. These freezing temperatures may damage the sensors and equipment needed to take measurements, and would make the proposed observations difficult. We can try to avoid this problem by insulating our spacecraft with multiple layers of insulation blankets, but it is hard to say for sure if this procedure would be completely successful. Another problem we might encounter is the long distance telecommunication link that would be needed to make communicating with the spacecraft from Earth a possibility.

We have never before in our exploration of the solar system tried to travel to such a far off place as Pluto. While we could hypothesize the amount of time it will take to relay information from the craft to Earth, we will not know the exact time until the mission is executed. The amount of interference we may encounter is also unknown. Obviously, if we loose any part of our data, our mission will not be complete.

A third difficulty we may stumble upon is the overcasting seasonal shadow that will darken Pluto. This shadow, which will prohibit us from imaging and mapping the composition, will start covering Pluto in the year 2010 and will increase its coverage over each passing year (See figure 3). This is another reason our mission must be executed as soon as possible. If we send the mission right away, we will arrive before the shadow becomes too much of a problem. Another obstacle that we may face is the issue of soaring costs. There are many reasons this mission will be extremely expensive.

First, as we have discussed before, Pluto is far off. As a body gets further out in the solar system, it takes more power and durability of the instruments for the mission to be completely effective. In addition, because of our time constraints, we are not taking the most cost-effective route, which would be to use gravity boosts from other planets. Doing this would lessen the amount of energy needed in the rocket itself. Our method requires the rocket to contain all the energy needed to get there and back. Energy is expensive!

If that is not expensive enough, we will be sending two separate rockets; this will make this mission twice as expensive. As always with new technologies, there are major unknown problems that may rise. New technology is still sometimes unpredictable. Our mission to Pluto would contain many new technologies that have never been sent out into space and are still in the experimental phase. Therefore, fatal problems may occur that would cause us to loose important data. Like any mission, even if we are extremely precautious and do everything one hundred percent effectively and to the best of our knowledge, there is always the chance of unexpected, random problems.

There is no way of avoiding these unforeseen circumstances, but we can only hope that these harms will not be damaging to our mission. We can only try to be prepared and knowledgeable if the unexpected does occur. In conclusion, we have now fully explained to you our proposed mission to the ninth planet and its moon. We have explained what we presently know about Pluto and Charon and why it is important to visit this system.

In addition, we have proposed a way to accomplish this mission and stated some potential problems we may face. Now, let's go to Pluto and Charon! Bibliography Abraham, Douglas S. et. al. "Pluto Fast Flyby. " On-line. Internet. 14 Nov. 2000.

Available at jpl. nasa. gov. Are, Bill. "About Pluto and Charon and the Kupier Belt. " On-line.

Internet. 14 Nov. 2000. Available at www. newforcecomics. com/Pluto / about pluto .

htm. Hamilton, Rosanna L. "Pluto. " On-line. Internet. 15 Nov. 2000. Available at www.

hawatoc. org / solar /eng / pluto . htm Haw, R. J. et. al. " Mission to Pluto: A Navigation Assessment. " On-line.

Internet. 14 Nov. 2000. Available at jpl. nasa. gov. Haw, R. J. , et.

al. "Pluto Fast Flyby: A Navigation Assessment. " On-line. Internet. 14 Nov. 2000. Available at jpl. nasa.

gov. Kaufmann, William J. , and Roger A. Freedman. Universe. New York: W. H.

Freedman and Co. , 1999. Lauren, Bill. "Ninth Rock from the Sun. " Omni. 17, 8. (1995): 28. Ebsco Host. Online. 12 Nov. 2000. nasa. gov. "Outer Planets. " On-line.

Internet. 13 Nov. 2000. Available at jpl. nasa. gov. newforcecomics. com.

Why Wait? The Time to go to Pluto is Now. On-line. Internet. 13 Nov. 2000. Available at www. newforcecomics.

com / pluto / Price, H. W. , et. al. " Pluto Express Science craft System Design. " Acta Astronautica. 39 (1996): 207 - 215. Space Studies Board National Research Council. Exploring the Trans-Neptunian Solar System. Washington D.

C. , VA: National Academy Press, 1998. Stern, Allan and Jacqui line Milton. Pluto and Charon. New York: John Wiley Publication, 1999.

Underwood, M. L. and M. Shirlbacheh. A Power Subsystem for a Pluto Fast Flyby Mission. On-line.

Internet. 14 Nov. 2000. Available at jpl. nasa. gov. Wilcots, Eric. Lecture.

Astronomy 104. Sterling Hall, Madison. 27 Nov. 2000.


Free research essays on topics related to: r j, solar system, magnetic field, potential problems, nov 2000

Research essay sample on Magnetic Field Solar System

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