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Example research essay topic: Police Officer Street Level - 1,048 words

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... ury as a welder. The second constraint on the counselor was the fact that an EMT has to be in excellent health to be able to pick up and carry large people from stressful situations which could further hurt the client. Another constraint on the counselor is the fact that the client was worked up and excited about possibly getting the chance to become an EMT.

The constraints work on the counselor in this situation by making the counselor use good judgment in the situation. If the counselor agrees to authorize the training she could be placing the client at risk of further injury and placing someone who needs immediate help in risk as well if the client injures himself in the field. Another idea to think of is that if the counselor does not authorize the training, the client will be heart broken as his dream job is taken away without a chance. The counselor must think strategically which is the better route to take. The counselor plays the role of a parent in the decision, as she must decide what is best for the client in his current situation.

The third story about the police officer and the subject playing loud music has constraints, which are playing on the officers discretion on whether to take force action or not. The officer has multiple decision possibilities to make from the constraints in this case. Those constrains which are the loud music being played, the subject cursing and ignoring the officers orders, the citizens complaint, and the frustration the officer is feeling after trying to handle the situation. Another constraint would be how the officers fellow officers at the training session reacted when he mention what he did. The officers at the training session disapproved of his actions after he told them what he did, but he still felt that he did what had to be done in the situation. These constraints all play a major role.

The officer could leave the scene a do nothing and end up being called back later. He could leave a citation on the subjects door. He could call for assistance and possibly contact the landlord for entry to the apartment. The officer could also do as he did in the situation and shut off the power to the apartment, and then verbally make his point to the subject that the conduct should not be continued any more. The officers actions are played by the situation, constraints around him, and what he thinks would solve the problem with the least use of force involved. The officer in this situation decided to make his point clear to the subject without writing a citation, using force upon the subject, and without having to go to court over a loud music complaint.

The authors argument that street-level decision making is complexly moral and contingent rather than narrowly rule bound and fixed is the idea that the constraints on the workers play a large role in their decision-making. In each of the three stories I have chosen the street-level workers used their discretion based on the constraints around them to solve the problem they faced. The workers in each case did not completely follow the rules they follow. They instead follow the rules to a different degree that better fits their situations.

For example as the officer said at the end of his story, Maybe it was a little out of bounds, but, myself, I thought, I did what I had to do to solve the problem for the other citizen (Pg. 127). From this example the street-level worker uses his discretion to change the rules to better handle the situation more effectively. The authors point is to show that for street-level workers to do their jobs more effectively they must use their discretion to make the laws and rules fair to everyone. There are some people who are poorer than others and simply cannot afford as much as others, therefore workers must alter the rules to allow those people the same advantages as everyone else.

Just as the teacher used her discretion in her story to help a special needs child keep his counseling, other workers use their discretion to assist others in similar ways. The workers at times know what is best for those they are hired to serve and assist, which means they must use their discretion every day to make decisions as to what is best for their clients. A police officer must decide what is a fair course of action to handle various situations, a counselor must decide what is the best and safest course of action to take to assist a client, and a teacher must decide what is best for the students in their classes to be able to learn like the other students. Each of these roles as workers requires the use of discretion in every decision they make and how they do their jobs every day. The authors argument that, street level decision-making is complexly moral and contingent bases on these examples from the stories. You also see that the workers do not work directly with the narrowly rule bound and fixed idea of the rules as they perceive in their roles that to not bend the rules makes it unfair to everyone else you are trying to help or maintaining order for.

Each of the three stories tell a story where the teacher, counselor, or even the police officer used their discretion to find the best possible response to the problem placed in front of them. In the eyes of each of these workers, their decision was the best decision to please their client and assist them in their lives. Street-level work is as stated in the book, ironically, rule saturated but not rule bound (Pg. 10). Rules and procedures are important, but they only provide weak constraints on decisions made by street-level workers. There are not laws or rules for every specific action, therefore the workers must adapt the laws and rules to their situations and use their discretion to decide what should be done. This is what the authors mean in their argument within the three stories chosen for this paper.

Works Cited Maynard-Moody and Musheno. Cops, Teachers, Counselors. University of Michigan 2003


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Research essay sample on Police Officer Street Level

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