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Example research essay topic: U S Government Sulfur Dioxide And Nitrogen - 1,198 words

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... few examples of how wide spread the acid rain problem is on just man made structures. Effects on Humans When acid rain falls on humans it has really no adverse effect on the outside, humans can even swim in acidic lakes and its doesnt harm them. The serious effects start to take place on the inside of the body and that is respiratory problems. When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions gives risk to respiratory problems such as dry coughs, asthma, headaches, eye, nose, and throat irritation. Polluted rainfall is especially harmful to those who suffer form asthma or those who have hard time breathing.

Even healthy people can have their lungs damaged by acid air pollutants. Acid rain can aggravate a persons ability to breathe and may increase disease, which could lead to death. {Acid Rain: web What can be done to Control Acid Rain The most important thing that people can do to control acid rain is reduce the amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that are releases into the air. So that means to reduce the emissions of fossil fuels. If people use less power and drive their vehicles less that will be a start to reduce acid rain.

If everyone bought energy efficient appliances, bought energy efficient house or upgrade old houses to be energy efficient, take transit to work, ride a bike, or walk it would make the air a lot cleaner to breathe. If every person in the world would do this we help dramatically to reduce acid rain. By switching to cleaner burning fuels you can combat the release of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that are released into the air. When electric companies burn coal they could switch to coal that contains low sulfur, thus creating a cleaner burning fuel. If gas companies created cleaner burning fuels for vehicles, it would result in less nitrogen oxide being produced into the air. If you burn natural gas it will help the environment because natural gas has very low traced of sulfur in it, but to find these clean gases are hard and so it will result in people paying more for them.

After fuel is burned the harmful gases still can be trapped. In factory smokestacks, devices called scrubbers spray a mixture of water and limestone into the waste gases as they leave. What these scrubbers do is recapture the sulfur pollutants. The other type of device that can be used is called a catalytic converter. What this device does is the waste gas passes over small beads coated with metals; the metals promote chemical reactions that change harmful chemicals to less harmful ones, resulting in less pollution. In Canada and the United States catalytic converters are required in all vehicles by law.

When sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides have been released into the environment there are only a few ways to prevent further damage. One technique that is put in lakes and in the soil is lime. Lime as mentioned early reduces the corrosive nature of acid rain and makes it more alkaline. What countries like Norway and Sweden do is they drop powered lime from the air into lakes and forests.

In cities, exposed structures are painted with acid resistant paints. Ancient statues are taken indoors and out of the dangerous environment. By using all these methods we can reduce the amount of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that are released into the air. The results will be cleaner air, no smog, and no harmful precipitation.

What Governments Do In 1970 the United States passed a bill to control the release of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the bill was the Clean Air Act. What this bill did was establish a standard for pollutants from vehicles and industry. Later in 1990 the U. S.

government amended the legislation and aimed for a new goal and that was to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide from 23. 5 million tons to 16 million tons by the year 2010. The government also set a goal for power plants to reduce their production of nitrogen oxides from 7. 5 million tons to 5 million tons by the year 2010. Canada also mandated legislation on sulfur dioxide emissions to 2. 3 million tons in Canadas eastern provinces. This is where most of the acid rain damage was done in Canada. For Canada nation wide a limit was set for sulfur dioxide emissions at 3. 2 million tons per year. Canada is developing stricter pollution control and they will be enforced by the year 2010.

In 1990 the U. S. government made amendments to the 1970 bill and it gave polluting companies permits to release a specified number of tons of sulfur dioxide. The government also allowed companies to sell their unused permits. What this means is when a company is below the emissions standard, they wouldnt need to use their permits and so they could sell their permits to companies that hadnt complied with the governments regulations. Once that buyer has the permit they were allowed to pollute above the limit until the permit ran out.

The government also allowed companies to bank up their permits for future use. The government hopes with this legislation that the companies will clean up their emissions more quickly and cheaply than a set of rigid rules. All these laws that the governments are making are paying off in the reduction of acid rain. Targets that are set in laws or treaties are being met, some even ahead of schedule. Between 1980 to 1994 sulfur emissions in Europe have decreased by 40 percent. In Norway the emissions of sulfur dioxide have been reduced by 75 percent.

The United States the sulfur dioxide emissions in 1980 were at 26 million tons per year, now the U. S. has dropped the emissions to 18. 3 million tons. Canada is also beating their proposed emissions of 3. 2 million tons to 2. 6 million tons an 18 percent decrease below the limit they set.

All these laws that the government has set is a real benefit for the world, but remember that the governments around the world cant clean up the acid rain mess instantly, it will take time. To speed the process of preventing the harmful release of emissions into the air people can help. Each person can turn down the temperature in his or her home. Instead of driving to work people can ride bikes or walk etc.

If just a few people do this it will help. Remember governments can enforce legislation but if people just conserve energy because they are forced to it will take a long time for benefits to happen, but if individuals realize that the governments are doing this for their own good the process of preventing acid rain will increase. Remember one small step from man makes a big leap for mankind! ! Bibliography Acid Rain.

CD-ROM. Encarta Encyclopedia. 1998. Baines, J. Conserving Our World, Acid Rain. England: Wayland publishing Ltd. , 1989. Acid Rain.

Online. Britannica. com. Available: web Acid Rain.

Online. Geocities. com. Available: web >


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u s government, acid rain, nitrogen oxides, dioxide emissions, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen

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