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Modern Health Hazards, dangers arising from man made circumstances that threaten the wellbeing of humans environment. These are normally taken as hazards arising from the mistakes human's have made over the past year's affecting the Healthy status of the entire planet completely. Different hazards threat human life on earth & By the level or extent of threat the effect can be serious and sometimes even cause death. Modern Hazards mainly are pollution of different types, Drugs, chemical usage and some day to day human activities too! Air Pollution, contamination of the atmosphere by gaseous, liquid, or solid wastes or by-products that can endanger human health and the health and welfare of plants and animals, or can attack materials, reduce visibility, or produce undesirable odours. Among air pollutants emitted by natural sources, only the radioactive gas radon is recognized as a major health threat.
A by-product of the radioactive decay of uranium minerals in certain kinds of rock, radon seeps into the basements of homes built on these rocks, posing a risk of lung cancer to residents. Effects of Air Pollution Potential pollutants may exist in the materials entering a chemical or combustion process (such as lead in petrol), or they may be produced as a result of the process itself. Carbon monoxide if inhaled in excess can cause lung problems, loss of oxygen in the blood & finally cause death. In December 1984 deadly methyl iso cyanate gas was leaked from a chemical plant in Bhopal, causing the deaths of at least 3, 300 people. Water Pollution, contamination of water by foreign matter such as micro-organisms, chemicals, industrial or other wastes, or sewage. Such matter deteriorates the quality of the water and renders it unfit for its intended uses.
Effects of Water Pollution Notable effects of water pollution include those involved in human health. Nitrates (the salts of nitric acid) in drinking water can cause a disease in infants that sometimes results in death. Cadmium in sludge-derived fertilizer can be absorbed by crops; if ingested in sufficient amounts, the metal can cause an acute diarrhoea disorder and liver and kidney damage. The hazardous nature of inorganic substances such as mercury, arsenic, and lead has long been known or strongly suspected. Noise Pollution, adverse effects of noise in our living and working environment. Noise is, by definition, unwanted sound.
It may be annoying, it may interfere with speech communication, leisure, or relaxation, and, at very high levels which may occur at work or during certain noisy leisure activities, it may result in hearing loss by causing damage to the hair-cells in the cochlea in the inner ear. Rather than leading to significant adverse physiological responses, however, noise is more often a major problem in terms of quality of human life in specific localities. Traffic Pollution, contamination due to high levels of traffic, caused mainly by the burning of fossil fuels, primarily oil in the form of petrol and diesel. The most prevalent pollutants from traffic are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and particulates. For these emissions, transport sources in advanced countries constitute between 30 and 90 per cent of emissions from all sources.
There are also lead compounds, and a smaller amount of sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide. Asbestos may be released into the atmosphere when braking. Traffic is also an important source of carbon dioxide. Carbon monoxide is a poison. At low doses it can impair concentration and performance.
Oxides of nitrogen and sulphur may have serious effects on asthma sufferers, whose attacks are worse in conditions of high vehicle pollution, though the precise medical explanation is not yet understood. Volatile organic compounds include benzene, which can cause cancer. As the World is now completly globalized working hours are very long with very little time of intervals in between which is not sufficient for the human body to handle & hence stress is now becoming a main health hazard according to many researchers. Some Stress-Related Disorders are as below: Stress-Related Disorders, diseases or injuries brought on or worsened by psychological stress. These psychosomatic disorders commonly involve the autonomic nervous system, which controls the body's internal organs. Some kinds of headache and facial pain, asthma, stomach ulcers, high blood pressure, and certain kinds of injury, such as repetitive strain injury and backache, are examples of stress-related disorders.
Due to heavy pollution the ozone layer is depleting. The ozone layer forms a blanket to the earth protecting the planet from ultra - violet radiation. The depletion of this layer allows the UV rays to enter earth and hence causing major health hazard. The main agents causing the depletion are banned from use. They are CFC's & Aerosol. Effects of Ultra Violet Radiation Uv Rays can cause skin cancer and other skin related problems.
There is a hole in the ozone layer above Southern Australia and has caused a potential amount of threat to the people. The over usage of insecticides and pesticides to the crops in the farms cause food poisoning due to the harm full chemical content in them. Using above the prescribed quantity can cause digestive problems and also damage the digestive system and the intestine to a large extent. Due to uncertified preservatives and unhygienic conditions in the manufacture of canned products can cases lot of diseases and even death.
They cause Botulism and other diseases. Symptoms usually appear 18 to 36 hours after ingestion. The toxin, which is not destroyed by the enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract, affects the central nervous system and interrupts nerve impulses, but the mind continues to function normally. Disability progresses from difficulty in walking and swallowing, along with impaired vision and speech, to occasional convulsions, and ultimately to paralysis of the respiratory muscles, suffocation, and death, all within a few hours or days, depending on the amount of toxin ingested. Two thirds of those attacked may die. Tests may include a brain scan, spinal fluid examination, and a nerve conduction test (electromyography).
The most direct way to confirm diagnosis is to demonstrate the botulinum toxin in the patient's serum or stool by injecting serum or stool into mice and looking for signs of botulism. The bacteria can also be isolated from the stool of persons with food-borne and infant botulism. By Nuclear testing and the mad desire for arms has also affected the human enviroment very drastically. Thus causing causing a huge threat to life in earth. Effects of Nuclear Radiation Atmospheric nuclear tests have resulted in polluting the Earth with radioactive isotopes. Near the test sites, they produced intense radioactive fallout, seriously harming the health of local populations.
They also spread radioactivity around the globe that will persist for thousands of years. Exposure to the radiation from this radioactive fallout has already resulted in hundreds of cancer deaths; it is estimated that eventually the death toll may rise to about 2 million people. In the Marshall Islands tests, the inhabitants of Rongelap were seriously exposed to radiation. On average, they received a radiation dose of about 190 rems (radiation units). This dose was, according to current medical opinion, sufficient to cause a 1 in 7 (extra) risk of dying of cancer. Medical examinations carried out on adults in Rongelap between 1970 and 1974, which compared exposed and unexposed inhabitants, showed that there was a higher-than-average incidence among those exposed of anaemia, thyroid disease, rheumatic heart disease, and tumours.
Many also suffered form radiation sickness. As one can analyse the cause of these health hazards are mainly because of human activities and it's expansion in the world of science. Drastic measures are to be taken into account. Pollution, stress, food poisoning, nuclear testing and radiation problems only make matters worse, though they some may gives us satisfaction and worldly pleasures and mad human desires. The world is now in a situation where our own work causes health hazards.
Free research essays on topics related to: ozone layer, ultra violet, carbon monoxide, uv rays, organic compounds
Research essay sample on Carbon Monoxide Uv Rays
