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On my journey to a better understanding of how learning theories have shown themselves in my life, I realized that I have had more experience with them than I had first thought. I dont see myself as being changed dramatically by any one learning experience, but I do realize that my desire to learn has increased as I have been introduced to a variety of teaching methods. In short, I could not pick one theory that I could relate most of my learning experiences to. Therefore, as I looked through our textbook, I tried to remember if and how any of these theories played a role in my educational development so far. As we have studied, most learning theories can be placed into one of two groups: cognitive learning and association learning.
The cognitive learning view states that learning is based on a restructuring of perceptions and thoughts occurring within the organism. This restructuring allows us to perceive new relationships, solve new problems, and gain understanding of a subject area. Cognitive learning theorists stress the reorganization of ones perceptions in order to achieve understanding. (Sprinthall, Sprinthall, and Of; Educational Psychology- A developmental Approach 1998) One of these cognitive-learning theorists is Wolfgang Kohler. Kohler performed many experiments with chimps during World War I.
Kohler constructed a variety of problems for the chimps, each of which involved obtaining food that was not directly accessible. In the simplest task, food was put on the other side of a barrier. Dogs and cats in previous experiments had faced the barrier in order to reach the food, rather than moving away from the goal to go around the barrier. The chimps, however, presented with an apparently similar situation, set off immediately on the roundabout route to the Over the last few years my husband and I, for lack of anything better to do, have begun playing video games. One of the first we started to play together was Tomb Raider. Tomb Raider is an action / adventure game that only lets you progress to the next level once you have successfully completed the current level.
Some of levels are rather challenging and my husband and I often found ourselves stuck in one problem that we could not solve to go onto the next level. We would try and try to get past this obstacle, but just couldnt figure it out. One night, while watching TV, the solution just came to me. This is what is Understanding the concept if transfer is also very important to getting to know ourselves as learners.
Transfer occurs when learning task A influences task B. When learning task A helps us to learn task B, positive transfer has taken place. When learning task A obstructs learning task B, negative transfer has occurred. One experience I have had with positive transfer is that of learning to ride a motorcycle after I had learned to ride a bicycle. When I was eleven years old we lived in a very rural area and rather than take me to my best friends house, 5 miles away, they opted to get me my own transportation. A motorcycle.
The motorcycle was a step up from the bicycle I had learned to ride a few years earlier, the difference being that I didnt have to pedal. I thought the difference was huge, but in all actuality it wasnt. The main goal of learning how to ride a motorcycle was balance, something I had already learned on my bicycle. Once I applied the same concept of balance I had learned on my bicycle, it was much easier to achieve success on the motorcycle. I am currently experiencing the effects of negative transfer. I am working toward my degree in Psychology and I thought, though not a very well thought out thought, that I should take as many Psychology classes as possible.
This is true in most cases, but I decided to take 3 psychology classes in one term. Now that the proctored exam is coming up, I find myself mixing up what Ive learned in one Psychology class with something that Ive learned in another class. For example, while studying the social learning theory, I found myself repeatedly trying to incorporate cognitive dissonance into the process. Cognitive dissonance is something I had been studying in my Social psychology class. Both of these concepts are important to psychology.
However, they can not be readily used my me until I really understand them and I cant really understand them if I keep Jerome Bruners main point in his constructivist theory is that learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current and The concept of prime numbers appears to be more readily grasped when the child, through construction, discovers that certain handfuls of beans cannot be laid out in completed rows and columns. Such quantities have either to be laid out in a single file or in an incomplete row-column design in which there is always one extra or one too few to fill in the pattern. These patterns, the child learns, happen to be called prime. It is easy for the child to go from this step to the recognition that a multiple table, so called, is a record sheet of quantities in completed multiple rows and columns.
Here is factoring, multiplication and primes in a construction that can be visualized. (Jerome Bruner, 1973, web) I had taken a class on C++ programming. The first part of the class was problem solving, using algorithms. Once that concept was learned, we moved on to basic programming. Using algorithms to break a program down into parts helped to solve the problems encountered in writing a program.
George A. Miller has provided two theoretical ideas that are very important to the information processing theory. Information processing is also a cognitive theory of learning. This theory states that information flows into the organism by way of the sense organs. It is then passed to the memory and nervous system where...
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Research essay sample on Cognitive Dissonance Ive Learned
