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Example research essay topic: Washington D C Confederate States Of America - 1,492 words

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The Civil War broke out in the United States in 1861 and ended in 1865 with a Union victory. This war split our nation up and forced our country to pick sides regarding many issues. Many Americans argued over the political ramifications of slavery. As sectionalism pushed our country closer to war, the future course of our nation was forged. As a result the Civil War had a dramatic effect on the United States from a political, social and economic stand point.

In the two decades before the outbreak of the Civil War, the United States, overwhelmingly agricultural, was in the stage of an Industrial Revolution that was so powerful that by 1860 America was second behind Great Britain in manufacturing. During the revolution there were economic factors just like those in Great Britain: The convenience of risk capital from earnings in trade and shipping, a growing transportation network, a large supply of labor and raw materials, and a large home market free of internal tolls and levies. The amount and speed of these changes were greater in the United States than in Britain, and so was there variety (Green Leaf 15). A quickly growing population, helped out by European immigration, provided cheap manpower for farms, mills, factories, and the construction of railroads. The United States provided many rich resources, from the coal fields of Pennsylvania to the lead mines of Illinois, there were still many untouched resources. In April 1860, a year before the guns at Fort Sumter opened the Civil War, the great but silent revolution had been going on for forty years.

In 1840, the momentum of the Industrial Revolution was tremendous (Becker 83). In the Northeast, where the cotton textile industry had developed in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire between 1815 and 1835, the start of an urban Industrial Society were beginning to show. This was strange because since 1820 the market for manufactured goods had been mainly local or regional. The growth of commercial farming in the older Middle west and the planting of new cotton lands in the frontier regions of the Deep South produced a strong interregional flow of trade that opened up fresh and broader markets for manufactures. By the 1850 s, Chicago was known for its agricultural machinery, and Cincinnati for its furniture factories and packing houses.

The Northeast always remained the main body of the manufacturing After the Constitution was adopted by all of the States in 1789, uniting the States into one nation, differences between the States had been worked out through compromises. By 1861 these differences between the Northern States and the Southern States had become so great that compromise would no longer work. As a result a conflict started within our nation that was called the Civil War. For more than 30 years arguments between the North and South had been growing. One of these conflicts was about taxes paid on goods brought into this country from foreign countries.

In 1828 Northern businessmen helped get the "Tariff Act" passed. It raised the prices of manufactured products from Europe which were sold mainly in the South. The purpose of the law was to encourage the South to buy the North's products. It angered the Southern people to have to pay more for the goods they wanted from Europe or pay more to get goods from the North. In the years before the Civil War the political power in the Federal Government, centered in Washington D. C. , was changing.

The Northern and Mid-Western States were becoming more and more powerful as the populations increased. The Southern States were losing political power. Just as the original thirteen colonies fought for their independence almost 100 years earlier, the Southern States felt a growing need for freedom from the central Federal authority in Washington D. C. They felt that each State should make its own laws.

This issue was called "State's Rights." Some Southern States wanted to secede, or break away from the United States of America and govern Another quarrel between the North and South was over the issue of slavery. Farming was the South's main industry and cotton was the primary farm product. Not having the use of machines, it took a great amount of human labor to pick cotton. A large number of slaves were used in the South to provide the labor. Many slaves were also used to provide labor for the various household chores that needed to be done. Many Northerners thought that owning slaves was wrong, for any reason.

Some of those Northerners loudly disagreed with the South's laws and beliefs concerning slavery. Yet slavery had been a part of the Southern way of life for well over 200 years. The Constitution of the United States guaranteed the right to own property and protected against seizure of property. A slave was property. The people of the Southern States did not like the Northern people telling them that owning slaves was terribly wrong. A person either believes that slavery is right or that slavery is wrong.

In 1821, Missouri became the 24 th state. Before this happened there was a great debate in Congress that attracted the Northern and Southern states. The debate was over slavery. When Congress was considering legislation that would allow Missouri to be a state, Representative James Tallmadge of New York tried to add an antislavery amendment to the legislation. His amendment would not allow any more slaves into Missouri and it would have freed all current slaves in Missouri once they reached the age of 25. A heated debate followed with representatives from the North supporting Tallmadge and those from the South in opposition.

The amendment eventually passed the House of Representatives. This was due to the fact that the North had a greater population, thus leading to greater representation in the House. When a vote came up in the Senate the amendment was defeated because the Senate was equally divided between free and slave states. The issue was finally settled by what was known as the "Missouri Compromise. " In December of 1819, Congress passed a bill that allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state and Missouri was allowed into the Union as a free state. On top of this there were terms of agreement added that banned slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north and west of Missouri's southern border. Although this happened over 40 years before the Civil War began, it served to further divide the North from the South, and it increased the hatred between the two sides.

Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in 1860. He vowed to keep the country united and the new western territories free from slavery. Many Southerners were afraid that he was not sympathetic to their way of life and would not treat them fairly (Rhodes 45). South Carolina was the first State to secede from the United States soon after the election of Abraham Lincoln. Six other Southern States quickly followed and also seceded. These States joined together and formed a new nation which they named the Confederate States of America.

Jefferson Davis was elected their first president. On April 12, 1861 the Confederate States of America attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, which was held by Federal (Union) troops and flew the United States flag. As open conflict increased, other United States seceded and In conclusion, there were many different reasons for the outbreak of the Civil War. The cause of the Civil War was a process. The economic boom was sudden and made a big change in the way of life in America. The North and the South had such great differences that they couldnt be solved with a compromise.

One of there conflicts was about the taxes put on goods coming in from foreign countries. Northern buisness men had the tariff act passed. As a result taxes were put on goods coming in from Europe and all European goods were sold in the South. This angered the South very much.

It left them without a choice. No matter what they had to pay more for there goods. Southern states wanted to break away from the control of the Central Federal Authority in Washington D. C. They thought every state should be able to make their own decisions. Then came the issue of slavery.

The South was very agricultural and their main product was cotton. The South didnt have machinery for working fields and a large amount of man power was needed to pick cotton. The north being an industrial power house didnt agree with the idea of slavery and fought against it. Arguments like these added up as time went on and turned into the civil war. People need to know the different angles that people were coming from during brewing of the civil war.

It was a very controversial time and also a very important time that decided Bibliography:


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Research essay sample on Washington D C Confederate States Of America

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