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Example research essay topic: Late 19 Th Century 20 Th Century - 2,826 words

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Musics Influence on society Music has been around for thousands of years. Music appeals to everyone. When was the last time you have heard someone say, I hate all music. ? Lately though music has been criticized for corrupting teens minds. Rap is being blamed for all the crimes and murders in cities all over America and heavy metal is being blamed for giving teens only dark images and thoughts in their minds. Although the media and public criticize rap and rock music and blame the music for influencing teens negatively, they actually give many teenagers an outlet from their life problems.

Parents love to blame musicians like Snoop Dogg and Dr. Dre to bands like KoRn and Limp Bizkit for their childs problems. Music is an excuse for bad parenting. One should look at the family background of the person committing the crimes (Foster 3).

Most criminals come from dysfunctional families, which would explain why a person would turn to crime in life. Another reason a person would turn to crime is being sexually abused as a young child. This would definitely cause a person to go a little crazy. When someone hears some lyrics from Eminem, they do not go out and do what he says. Lyrics from Eminem and other similar lyrics are for entertainment only. If people did whatever they heard, then everybody would be evil and corrupted I hear far worse words and phrases during school than on a rap album, and the words do not effect me or anybody else otherwise everybody in school would run around shooting people and doing drugs.

Rappers are blamed constantly for crimes. In 1988, rapper Ice-T was under the gun from the media because of a song he wrote called, Cop Killa. Once that song was released several police murderers said they did it because of Ice-Ts song. But is it Ice-Ts fault fore these crimes, or is it the fault of the person committing these crimes against the police (Foster 2).

Foster asks an interesting question. The answer is no, the musician should not be the one blamed for these crimes. Police officers were being shot all the time before that song. All cops know that their jobs are dangerous, yet they still take the job. Also a group called Three Six Mafia had a similar experience to Ice-Ts. They were banned from almost every state in the north and the south because of a song they wrote called Tear the Club Up.

Whenever the group performed this song, a riot broke out. This is not the groups fault though. The people who cannot control themselves are the ones to be blamed. The media was quick to jump out and say that the riots were a direct result of the so called Gansta Rap, not the result of the out of control people in the crowd. Rap music is a rapidly growing type of music. It has gotten many poverty stricken people out of the ghetto.

Also, rap musicians donate thousands and thousands of dollars to charities all over America When do you hear the media give them credit for that? The media always looks for the worse in all stories. Rap also gives many young people hope in life. When a teenager has problems in life, music can always help them feel better. Rap musicians rap about their life. So if a person complains about the rap lyrics, then they could make a difference by fixing up poverty stricken communities.

Once a rapper makes a second album, it is usually less graphic because they know a different life. They will rap about being rich and coming from some of the worst communities in America Fatherhood is another subject for rappers as they mature into a better life. Rap lyrics do not influence bad behavior, but reflect it. Rock is another type of music that is citizen d often by the media.

They say that rock bands like KoRn and Limp Bizkit give kids negative thoughts and make teens act out in violence. This however is not true. The only way rock influences teenagers is on what they wear. Kids that wear baggy pants, large shirts, and long necklaces with five inch pendants usually listen to rap.

Teens that wear wide leg pants and torn up clothes usually listen to alternative. Lastly, teenagers who have pierced tongues, blue hair, and wear tight leather pants most likely will listen too rock. Because rock influences teens on what to wear, that does not mean that the kids will be violent. Large clothes and pierced tongues are only ways to express oneself (Smith 2) Smith obviously agrees and that the type of clothes do not make a decent teen turn bad. Music is important to most teenagers.

It is a way to get away from all of lives problems. Music gives teenagers a different way to think than the normal way to think. KoRn is one of the best bands. Parents believe they are a bad influence on their children, but they only say that because they do not want to blame themselves for being bad parents and not being able to raise their child right. Day, is here fading My time, has gone away I flirt with suicide Sometimes kill the pain (KoRn Issues) Suicide is a serious subject for todays youth in America and all over the world. Teenagers are faced every day with the thought of suicide Jonathan Davis lyrics show that he understands what teens go through and that it is alight.

This is comforting to teenagers, so how could that be bad? Teenagers seek music as an outlet from problems in life, yet the media and parents believe that rap and rock music is to blame for teenagers problems. Rap is being blamed for the murders and crimes in cities all over America. Rock is being blamed for giving teens evil thoughts mixed with hate. Rap lyrics are about the rappers societies problems.

So if a person does not like the lyrics, change the suburbs in large cities to make the lyrics better. Rock lyrics is all about the soul. Lyrics from rock music are deeper than any other type of music out today. That is why the music is so widespread. Music is the universal language, and that is why all music is important to someone. Jazz vs.

Classical Music Upon entering a modern record store, one is confronted with a wide variety of choices in recorded music. These choices not only include a multitude of artists, but also a wide diversity of music categories. These categories run the gamut from easy listening dance music to more complex art music. On the complex side of the scale are the categories known as Jazz and Classical music. Some of the most accomplished musicians of our time have devoted themselves to a lifelong study of Jazz or Classical music, and a few exceptional musicians have actually mastered both.

A comparison of classical and Jazz music will yield some interesting results and could also lead to an appreciation of the abilities needed to perform or compose these kinds of music. Lets begin with a look at the histories of the two. The music called classical, found in stores and performed regularly by symphonies around the world, spans a length of time from 1600 up to the present. This time frame includes the Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic and Contemporary periods. The classical period of music actually spans a time from of 1750 to 1800; thus, the term Classical is a misnomer and could more correctly be changed to Western Art Music or European Art Music. European because most of the major composers up till the 20 th century were European.

Vivaldi was Italian, Bach was German, Mozart and Beethoven were Austrian; they are some of the more prominent composers. Not until the twentieth century with Gershwin and a few others do we find American composers writing this kind of art music. For the sake of convention, we can refer to Western Art Music as Classical music. Jazz is a distinctively American form of music, and its history occupies a much smaller span of time. Its origins are found in the early 1900 s as some dance band leaders in the southern U. S.

began playing music that combined ragtime and blues. Early exponents of this dance music were Jelly Roll Martin (a blues player) and Scott Joplin (ragtime). The terms Jazz and Jazz Band first surfaced in the year 1900. Some say this occurred in New Orleans, although similar music was played at the same time in other places. The most prominent exponents of this early music, called Dixieland Jazz, included Louis Armstrong and Sidney Becket. After World War I, Jazz music had evolved and was aided by the development of the recording industry.

The small dance band ensemble grew into the larger orchestra known as the Big Band. The music of the Big Bands became known as Swing. Two of the more famous Swing band leaders were Tommy Dorsey and Harry James. In the late 40 s and through the 50 s, a different kind of Jazz became popular.

This music, played by a very small ensemble, was much more sophisticated and complex. Its rich harmonic changes and melodic counterpoint were not conducive to dance. It became known as Bop, with Charlie Parker and Dizzie Gillespie being the early proponents. In the last twenty years there has been a combination of Jazz with popular music of the US and Latin America. This modern Jazz music has been called Fusion. Present day exponents include Pat Metheny and Chic Corea.

There has also been a return to the sound of Bop in the last ten years by such musicians as trumpeter Winton Marsalis and his brother Branford, a saxophonist. Lets focus on the instrumentation of the two kinds of music. In Classical music, both large orchestras and small ensembles are used. But generally, the greatest and most prominent compositions are for the larger symphony orchestra. The largest part of the orchestra is the string section consisting of violins, violas, cellos and string basses. These instruments were invented very early in medieval times but really matured into their present form during the late 18 th century.

The wind instruments, comprised of brass and woodwinds, took longer to mature. The brass section in particular did not posses the ability to play chromatically (in all keys) until the advent of valves which allowed the length of the instrument to be changed while playing. This occurred around the middle to late 19 th century. Consequently, the brass instruments are less prominent in the music of Bach, Mozart and Beethoven along with their contemporaries. Late 19 th and early 20 th century composers make use of a very large orchestra with all the fully developed wind instruments. Some of the master orchestrator / composers of this time were: Wagner, Rimskey-Korsakov, Ravel and Stravinsky.

Currently, composers also make use of the full orchestra but with the addition of increasingly larger percussion sections which add many unique and unheard of sounds than in earlier music. Early Jazz music was played in small ensembles making use of clarinet, tuba, cornet, baritone, drums, and piano. Dixieland groups of New Orleans had similar instrumentation. During the Swing era, larger groups were employed to achieve more of an orchestral sound. The Big Bands of the this era were predominantly wind orchestras containing alto and tenor sax sections, trumpet and trombone sections, along with piano and drums. When Bop music arrived, the alto saxophone and trumpet were the preferred instruments of the major soloists who were backed up by piano, string bass and drums.

With the advent of Fusion, electric instruments such as the electric guitar and keyboard synthesizer became prominent. How has each of these kinds of music been transmitted to later generations of musicians? Early in the evolution of classical music, a system of notation was gradually developed which for the most part remained stable from the Renaissance on. This gave the composer control over how his compositions were to be played. Throughout the history of Jazz, however, notation was more like a rough sketch.

This was because the syncopated rhythms of ragtime and the melodic riffs of the blues were not easily notated. Also, early Jazz musicians were not formally trained; they usually learned by ear. Some songs were transcribed and written down, but not in precise ways. Jazz music became more of a passed on tradition that a musician learned through interaction with other players. In a similar way, the modern Jazz musician must rely on previous recordings to get a feel for the style and technique which he desires to learn from.

But in classical music, one composer can learn from an older composer by looking at and analyzing the music that the previous composer wrote down. Likewise, classical musicians can master the parts they must play by practicing the music that has been written or published beforehand. These two approaches to passing on tradition are both valid. However, without the recording medium Jazz music might have developed much differently than it has.

The cohesive element that keeps a musical group together is also an interesting contrast. In Classical music, the conductor uses a baton and plays the orchestra as if it were his instrument; he looks at a complete score of all the events happening in the composition and interprets these events based on his knowledge and intuition of what the composer intended. Jazz groups rarely utilize conductors. The swing era employed them for the sake of keeping the larger sized group together but other jazz styles did not and do not to this day. The drummer of the Jazz ensemble provides the beat that keeps the group together but even he is interacting with the other soloists as the song is performed.

Perhaps the most interesting point of comparison between the two types of music is in improvisation. Improvisation is the ability to play and compose spontaneously on the spot while the music is playing. This has been an important element of Jazz from its inception. Although improvisation was less prominent during the swing era, it regained importance with Bop and onward. Early Jazz was improvised, using ragtime and blues as a loose structure. In the swing era, popular songs were arranged by an arranger and soloists played improvisations over the repeating sections in order to lengthen the song for dancing.

With the advent of Bop, improvisation assumed great importance. The musicians memorized the chord changes to a song, along with the melody, but then played very loosely and in the end substituted new chords along with greatly embellishing the original melody to the point of being unrecognizable. These factors, along with the ability to interact with each other, became important and remains so in the Fusion music of today. In Classical music, modern listeners are mostly unaware of the fact that many of the great composers of the past were not only excellent performers but also great improvisers. Starting with J.

S. Bach (1685 - 1750), the greatest composer of the Baroque era, he in fact made his living through his great skill as an improvisor. It was common for the Lutheran Church organist of his day be able to improvise on choral melodies and Bach was considered one of the greatest at this. There are written accounts of other composers improvisational abilities including Mozart (1756 - 1791), Beethoven (1770 - 1829), and Franz Liszt (1811 - 1886).

Yet, as time went on, improvising gave way to the composers desire to exert complete control over his music. By the late 19 th century, improvising was rare and not used at all in public performances of classical music. In summation, we can say that Jazz and Classical music represent two approaches to Art Music. The Classical composer or performer has a long and rich body of music in written form that he uses to learn from while the Jazz musician uses a body of recorded music to learn. Because of its small size, the modern Jazz ensemble allows loose interaction while the symphony orchestras large size and diversity of instruments provides many different sounds and wide dynamic range.

In classical music the composer strives for control; he uses printed music to guide and direct the musicians through the conductor. In Jazz music, the songs are loosely composed, thus forming a basis for individual expression within an ensemble. When you go to hear a symphony, you hear an orchestra conducted by the conductor playing a composition. When you go to a Jazz club you hear a small jazz ensemble interacting and improvising a song. Both of these kinds of music provide rich expression and detail to the serious listener. They take different paths to reach their final form but give a person equal opportunities to appreciate the creative output of each.


Free research essays on topics related to: late 19 th century, 20 th century, poverty stricken, swing era, limp bizkit

Research essay sample on Late 19 Th Century 20 Th Century

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